neutral markers 308
New World monkeys (NWMs) 260,
261,266
niche complementarity hypothesis
123
nocturnal 262, 271
NONA 93,99
notochord 210,215,216,218
nucleolar dominance 7
nutrient cycling 119
nutrient gradient 170
nutrient specialists 170
o
Oceania 296
oceanic islands 68, 69
Old World monkeys (OWMs) 260,
264
Old World primates 260, 264, 266
Onychophora 204
opsin gene 260, 261, 263, 264
orthologous genes 251
outbreeding 134
outcrossing 166
overdominant alleles 266, 270
overyielding 123
Oxypolis filiformis 232
p
parallel adaptive radiations 81
parallel changes 267
parsimony jackknife 93,94,97, 101
parsimony searches 93, 94
patchiness 148, 150, 152
patchy 148
Subject Index
321
pathogenicity 166
PAUP* 4.0 98
peR 37
perciforms (Perciformes) 36,40
permanent plot 180, 182, 185, 189
Persicaria japonica 138
petioles 229
phabulosa mutant 228
PHANTASTICA 235
phantastica mutant 227,232
Philippines 289
photo pigments 260
phylogenetic analysis 39, 92, 94
phylogenetic relationships 92
phylogenetic tree 40, 294
phylogeny 93
phylogeographic structure 285
phylogeography 23,24, 28
pioneers 171
plants 120
Pleistocene 276
Pleistocene glaciations 283
pollen 153
pollination 135, 137, 143
pollination failure 143
pollination success 138
pollinator 153
pollinator absence 134
pollinator loss 135
pollinator therapy 143
polyculture 123
polymorphism 271
population expansion 302
population genetic studies 291
population increases 285, 286
portfolio effect 125
positive feedback 180, 188