Osvaldo E. Sala
lFEVA
Catedra de Ecologia
Facultad de Agronomia
Universidad de Buenos Aires
Av. San Martin 4453
Buenos Aires 1417
Argentina
Harold A. Mooney
Department of Biological
Sciences
Stanford University
Stanford, CA 94305
USA
Robert B. Jackson
Department of Biology and Nicholas
School of the Environment
Phytotron Building
Duke University
Durham, NC 27708
USA
Robert W. Howarth
Program in Biogeochemistry and
Environmental Change
Section of Ecology and Systematics
Corson Hall
Cornell University
Ithaca, NY 14853
USA
Cover illustration: Diagram developed by A. T. Austin and O. E. Sala representing the different scales
of study in ecosystem science. Tbe questions asked by the ecosystem scientist will determine the
scale of study and the variables to be evaluated, which range from interpretation of satellite imagery
at the global scale to microbial populations in a milliliter of water or a gram of soil. A multidisciplinary
approach and a broad range of methodology are necessary to address the newest challenges in ecosystem science.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Methods in ecosystem science / editors, Osvaldo E. Sala ... [et al.].
p. cm
Includes bibliographical references and index (p. ).
ISBN 978-0-387-98743-9
ISBN 978-1-4612-1224-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4612-1224-9
I. Ecology. I. Sala, Osvaldo E.
QH54 J.M43 2000
577-dc21
Printed on acid-free paper.
99-087691
~ 2000 Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Springer-VerlagNew York, Inc. in 2000
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1 SI edition 2000
All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written
permissionofthepublisher( Springer Science+Business Media New York ),
except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection
with any form of information storage and retrievaI, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by
similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden.
Tbe use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, etc., in this publication, even if the
former are not especially identified, is not to be laken as a sign that such names, as understood by
the Trade Marks and Merchandise Marks Act, may accordingly be used freely by anyone.
Production coordinated by Impressions Book and Journal Services, Inc., and managed by Steven
Pisano; manufacturing supervised by Joo Quatela.
Typeset by Impressions Book and Journal Services, Inc., Madison, WI.
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
SPIN 10556922 (softcover)
SPIN 10708731 (hardcover)
lFEVA
Catedra de Ecologia
Facultad de Agronomia
Universidad de Buenos Aires
Av. San Martin 4453
Buenos Aires 1417
Argentina
Harold A. Mooney
Department of Biological
Sciences
Stanford University
Stanford, CA 94305
USA
Robert B. Jackson
Department of Biology and Nicholas
School of the Environment
Phytotron Building
Duke University
Durham, NC 27708
USA
Robert W. Howarth
Program in Biogeochemistry and
Environmental Change
Section of Ecology and Systematics
Corson Hall
Cornell University
Ithaca, NY 14853
USA
Cover illustration: Diagram developed by A. T. Austin and O. E. Sala representing the different scales
of study in ecosystem science. Tbe questions asked by the ecosystem scientist will determine the
scale of study and the variables to be evaluated, which range from interpretation of satellite imagery
at the global scale to microbial populations in a milliliter of water or a gram of soil. A multidisciplinary
approach and a broad range of methodology are necessary to address the newest challenges in ecosystem science.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Methods in ecosystem science / editors, Osvaldo E. Sala ... [et al.].
p. cm
Includes bibliographical references and index (p. ).
ISBN 978-0-387-98743-9
ISBN 978-1-4612-1224-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4612-1224-9
I. Ecology. I. Sala, Osvaldo E.
QH54 J.M43 2000
577-dc21
Printed on acid-free paper.
99-087691
~ 2000 Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Springer-VerlagNew York, Inc. in 2000
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1 SI edition 2000
All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written
permissionofthepublisher( Springer Science+Business Media New York ),
except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection
with any form of information storage and retrievaI, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by
similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden.
Tbe use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, etc., in this publication, even if the
former are not especially identified, is not to be laken as a sign that such names, as understood by
the Trade Marks and Merchandise Marks Act, may accordingly be used freely by anyone.
Production coordinated by Impressions Book and Journal Services, Inc., and managed by Steven
Pisano; manufacturing supervised by Joo Quatela.
Typeset by Impressions Book and Journal Services, Inc., Madison, WI.
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
SPIN 10556922 (softcover)
SPIN 10708731 (hardcover)