168
M. Campolmi et al.
during the day to avoid the strong solar radiation in the surface layers (Zaret and Suffern
1976) and then move towards the surface layers
during the night probably to avoid predation
(Fulton 1984). The only peak in abundance
recorded during the day (May, 15:00 h) may have
been due to water mixing and re-suspension
(caused by opposing effects of tide and wind
action) of the near-bottom water layer, in which
the highest zooplankton abundance probably
occurs during the day.
A sampling strategy specifically designed to
study daily vertical migration (using a benthic
sledge and plankton net contemporaneously)
would be necessary to confirm this hypothesis.
References
Alcaraz M (1983) Coexistence and segregation of congeneric
pelagic copepods: spatial distribution of the Acartia
complex in the rIa of Vi go (NW of Spain). J Plankton Res
5: 891-900
Alldredge A1, Hamner WM (1980) Recurring aggregation of
zooplankton by a tidal current. Estuarine Coast Mar Sd
10: 31-37
Alldredge AL. King JM (1980) Effects of moonlight on the vertical migration patterns of demersal zooplankton. J Exp
Mar BioI Eco144: 133-156
Alldredge AL, King 1M (1985) The distance demersal zooplankton migrate above the benthos: implications for
predation. Mar BioI Berlin 84: 253-260
Belmonte G, Bianchi CN (1992) Zooplankton structure and
distribution in a brackish-water basin. Oebalia 18: 1-15
Benzecri JP (1982) L'analyse des donnes. II. L'analyse des correspondances. 3rd edn. Dunod, Paris
Bowman TE, Gonzalez JG (1961) Four new species of
Pseudocydops (Copepoda: Calanoida) from Puerto
Rico. Proc US Nat Mus 113: 37-59
Campolmi M (1998) Studio della comunita zooplanctonica di
un bassofondo costiero mediterraneo (Stagnone di
Marsala, Sicilia occidentale). PhD thesis, Sci Amb, Univ
Messina
Campolmi M, Costanzo G, Crescenti N, Zagami G (1999) First
record of the hyperbenthic Calanoid Copepod
Metacalanus acutioperculum in the Mediterranean Sea.
In: Schram FR and von Vaupel Klein JC (eds)
Crustaceans and the Biodiversity Crisis. Proceedings of
the 4th Int Crust Cong, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, July
20-24 (1998) 1: 559-567
Cervetto G, Gaudy R, Pagano M, Saint-Jean 1, Verriopoulos G,
Arti R, Leveau M (1993) Diel variations in Acartia tonsa
feeding, respiration and egg production in a
Mediterranean coastal lagoon. J Plankton Res 15: 12071228
Checkley DM, Uye S, Dagg MJ, Mullin MM, Omori M, Onb~ T,
Zhu M-Y (1992) Diel variation of the zooplankton and its
environment at neritic stations in the inland sea of Japan
and the north-west Gulf of Mexico. J Plankton Res 14: 140
Colombo G, Ceccherelli VU, Ferrari I (1983-84) Lo zooplancton delle lagune. Nova Thalassia 6: 185-200
Cronin TW, Forward RB (1979) Tidal vertical migration: an
endogenous rhythm in estuarine crab larvae. Science
205: 1020-1022
Damkaer DM (1970) Parastephos occatum, a new species of
hyperbenthic copepod (Calanoida: Stephidae) from the
inland marine waters of Washington state. Proc bioI Soc
Washington 83: 505-514
Ferrari 1, Carrien A (1985) Distribuzione e dinamica stagionale dei Cladoceri e dei Copepodi planctonici della
Sacca di Scardovari. Nova Thalassia 7(3): 157-162
Ferrari I, Cantarelli MT, Mazzocchi MG, Tosi L (l985a)
Analysis of a 24-hour cycle of zooplankton sampling in a
lagoon of the Po River Delta. J Plankton Res 7: 849-865
Ferrari I, Carrieri A. Coen R (l985b) Distribuzione delle taxocenosi planctoniche a Copepodi e Cladoceri nella Sacca
di Scardovari.Oebalia 11: 187-201
Ferrari I, Colombo G (1988) Struttura e dinamica dello zooplancton nelle 1agune salmastre italiane. In: Carrada GC,
Cicogna P, Presi E (eds) Le lagune costiere. Ricerca e gestione CLEM, Massa Lubrese (Napoli), pp 107-117
Frost BW (1988) Variability and possible adaptive significance of diel vertical migration in Calanus pacilieu8; a
planktonic marine copepod. Bull Mar Sci 43: 675-694
Fulton RS (1984) Distribution and community structure of
estuarine copepods. Estuaries 7: 38-50
Gagnon M, Lacroix G (1981) Zooplankton sample variability
in a tidal estuary: an interpretative model. Limnol
Oceanogr 26: 401-413
Genovese S (1963) Osservazioni preliminari sullo zooplancton degli stagni salmastri di Ganzirri e di Faro. Arch Bot
Biogeogr ltal39: 111-114
Jacoby CA, Greenwood JG (1988) Spatial, temporal, and
behavioural patterns in emergence of zooplankton in the
lagoon of Heron Reef, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Mar
BioI 97: 309-328
Haury LR, McGowan JA, Wiebe PH (1978) Patterns and
processes in the time-space scales of plankton distribution. In: Steele J (eds) Spatial patterns in plankton communities. Plenum Press, New York, pp 277-327
Haury L, Yamazaki H,Itsweire EC (1990) Effects of turbulent
shear flow on zooplankton distribution. Deep-Sea Res
37: 447-461
Lagadeuc Y, Boule M, Dodson JJ (1997) Effect of vertical mixing on the vertical distribution of copepods in coastal
waters. J Plankton Res 19(7): 1183-1204
Lampert W (1989) The adaptive significance of diel vertical
migration of zooplankton. Punct Ecol3: 21-27
Lebart (1975) Validite des resultats en analyse des donnees.
Centre de Recherches et de Documentation sur la
Consommation. Paris. L. Lied No 4465, pp 1-157
Madhupratap M, Achuthankutty CT, Sreekumaran SR (1991)
Zooplankton of the lagoons of the Laccadives: diel patterns and emergence. J Plankton Res 13(5): 947-958
Maranda Y, Lacroix G (1983) Temporal variability of zooplankton biomass (ATP content and dry weight) in the
St. Lawrence Estuary: advective phenomena during neap
tide. Mar Bioi 73: 247-255
Mauchline J (1980) The biology of Mysids. Adv Mar BioI 18: 1369
Ohman MD (1990) The demographic benefits of diel vertical
migration by zooplankton. Ecol Monogr 60: 257-281
Ohtsuka S (1985) Calanoid copepods collected from the nearbottom in Tanabe Bay on the Pacifie coast of the middle
Honshu, Japan. II. Arietellidae (cont), Publ Seto Mar BioI
Lab 30 (416): 287-306
M. Campolmi et al.
during the day to avoid the strong solar radiation in the surface layers (Zaret and Suffern
1976) and then move towards the surface layers
during the night probably to avoid predation
(Fulton 1984). The only peak in abundance
recorded during the day (May, 15:00 h) may have
been due to water mixing and re-suspension
(caused by opposing effects of tide and wind
action) of the near-bottom water layer, in which
the highest zooplankton abundance probably
occurs during the day.
A sampling strategy specifically designed to
study daily vertical migration (using a benthic
sledge and plankton net contemporaneously)
would be necessary to confirm this hypothesis.
References
Alcaraz M (1983) Coexistence and segregation of congeneric
pelagic copepods: spatial distribution of the Acartia
complex in the rIa of Vi go (NW of Spain). J Plankton Res
5: 891-900
Alldredge A1, Hamner WM (1980) Recurring aggregation of
zooplankton by a tidal current. Estuarine Coast Mar Sd
10: 31-37
Alldredge AL. King JM (1980) Effects of moonlight on the vertical migration patterns of demersal zooplankton. J Exp
Mar BioI Eco144: 133-156
Alldredge AL, King 1M (1985) The distance demersal zooplankton migrate above the benthos: implications for
predation. Mar BioI Berlin 84: 253-260
Belmonte G, Bianchi CN (1992) Zooplankton structure and
distribution in a brackish-water basin. Oebalia 18: 1-15
Benzecri JP (1982) L'analyse des donnes. II. L'analyse des correspondances. 3rd edn. Dunod, Paris
Bowman TE, Gonzalez JG (1961) Four new species of
Pseudocydops (Copepoda: Calanoida) from Puerto
Rico. Proc US Nat Mus 113: 37-59
Campolmi M (1998) Studio della comunita zooplanctonica di
un bassofondo costiero mediterraneo (Stagnone di
Marsala, Sicilia occidentale). PhD thesis, Sci Amb, Univ
Messina
Campolmi M, Costanzo G, Crescenti N, Zagami G (1999) First
record of the hyperbenthic Calanoid Copepod
Metacalanus acutioperculum in the Mediterranean Sea.
In: Schram FR and von Vaupel Klein JC (eds)
Crustaceans and the Biodiversity Crisis. Proceedings of
the 4th Int Crust Cong, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, July
20-24 (1998) 1: 559-567
Cervetto G, Gaudy R, Pagano M, Saint-Jean 1, Verriopoulos G,
Arti R, Leveau M (1993) Diel variations in Acartia tonsa
feeding, respiration and egg production in a
Mediterranean coastal lagoon. J Plankton Res 15: 12071228
Checkley DM, Uye S, Dagg MJ, Mullin MM, Omori M, Onb~ T,
Zhu M-Y (1992) Diel variation of the zooplankton and its
environment at neritic stations in the inland sea of Japan
and the north-west Gulf of Mexico. J Plankton Res 14: 140
Colombo G, Ceccherelli VU, Ferrari I (1983-84) Lo zooplancton delle lagune. Nova Thalassia 6: 185-200
Cronin TW, Forward RB (1979) Tidal vertical migration: an
endogenous rhythm in estuarine crab larvae. Science
205: 1020-1022
Damkaer DM (1970) Parastephos occatum, a new species of
hyperbenthic copepod (Calanoida: Stephidae) from the
inland marine waters of Washington state. Proc bioI Soc
Washington 83: 505-514
Ferrari 1, Carrien A (1985) Distribuzione e dinamica stagionale dei Cladoceri e dei Copepodi planctonici della
Sacca di Scardovari. Nova Thalassia 7(3): 157-162
Ferrari I, Cantarelli MT, Mazzocchi MG, Tosi L (l985a)
Analysis of a 24-hour cycle of zooplankton sampling in a
lagoon of the Po River Delta. J Plankton Res 7: 849-865
Ferrari I, Carrieri A. Coen R (l985b) Distribuzione delle taxocenosi planctoniche a Copepodi e Cladoceri nella Sacca
di Scardovari.Oebalia 11: 187-201
Ferrari I, Colombo G (1988) Struttura e dinamica dello zooplancton nelle 1agune salmastre italiane. In: Carrada GC,
Cicogna P, Presi E (eds) Le lagune costiere. Ricerca e gestione CLEM, Massa Lubrese (Napoli), pp 107-117
Frost BW (1988) Variability and possible adaptive significance of diel vertical migration in Calanus pacilieu8; a
planktonic marine copepod. Bull Mar Sci 43: 675-694
Fulton RS (1984) Distribution and community structure of
estuarine copepods. Estuaries 7: 38-50
Gagnon M, Lacroix G (1981) Zooplankton sample variability
in a tidal estuary: an interpretative model. Limnol
Oceanogr 26: 401-413
Genovese S (1963) Osservazioni preliminari sullo zooplancton degli stagni salmastri di Ganzirri e di Faro. Arch Bot
Biogeogr ltal39: 111-114
Jacoby CA, Greenwood JG (1988) Spatial, temporal, and
behavioural patterns in emergence of zooplankton in the
lagoon of Heron Reef, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Mar
BioI 97: 309-328
Haury LR, McGowan JA, Wiebe PH (1978) Patterns and
processes in the time-space scales of plankton distribution. In: Steele J (eds) Spatial patterns in plankton communities. Plenum Press, New York, pp 277-327
Haury L, Yamazaki H,Itsweire EC (1990) Effects of turbulent
shear flow on zooplankton distribution. Deep-Sea Res
37: 447-461
Lagadeuc Y, Boule M, Dodson JJ (1997) Effect of vertical mixing on the vertical distribution of copepods in coastal
waters. J Plankton Res 19(7): 1183-1204
Lampert W (1989) The adaptive significance of diel vertical
migration of zooplankton. Punct Ecol3: 21-27
Lebart (1975) Validite des resultats en analyse des donnees.
Centre de Recherches et de Documentation sur la
Consommation. Paris. L. Lied No 4465, pp 1-157
Madhupratap M, Achuthankutty CT, Sreekumaran SR (1991)
Zooplankton of the lagoons of the Laccadives: diel patterns and emergence. J Plankton Res 13(5): 947-958
Maranda Y, Lacroix G (1983) Temporal variability of zooplankton biomass (ATP content and dry weight) in the
St. Lawrence Estuary: advective phenomena during neap
tide. Mar Bioi 73: 247-255
Mauchline J (1980) The biology of Mysids. Adv Mar BioI 18: 1369
Ohman MD (1990) The demographic benefits of diel vertical
migration by zooplankton. Ecol Monogr 60: 257-281
Ohtsuka S (1985) Calanoid copepods collected from the nearbottom in Tanabe Bay on the Pacifie coast of the middle
Honshu, Japan. II. Arietellidae (cont), Publ Seto Mar BioI
Lab 30 (416): 287-306