1 Interactions Between Wingless
and Frizzled Molecules in Drosophila
R. Nusse, E. Rulifson, M. Fish, C. Harryman-Samos, M. Brink,
C-h. Wu, and K. Cadigan
1.1
Introduction ............................................ .
1.2
Wingless in Drosophila and Other Wnt Genes ................. 2
1.3
In Vitro Assays for W g Protein and Receptor Identification ....... 2
1.4
Wg Signaling ........................................... 3
1.5
Fz Molecules and Planar Polarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4
1.6
Signaling Downstream ofFz ............................... 6
1.7
Interactions Between W g, Other W g Signaling Components,
and Dfz2 in Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7
1.8
Misexpression of Dlz2 .................................... 8
1.9
The Dfz2 Phenotype is Wg-dependent ........................ 8
References .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9
1.1 Introduction
Over the past decade, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying
growth and patterning of tissues has been enormously increased due to a
convergence of the fields of developmental genetics and cancer research. Systematic screens in organisms such as Drosophila,
Caenorhabditis elegans, and more recently the zebrafish have produced
a wealth of genes and proteins that regulate development. At the same
time, searches for genes implicated in cancer, either as dominant or as
recessive (tumor suppressor) genes, have yielded an equally impressive
list of important regulators of growth. There are now also numerous