438
K. M. G. Mostofa et al.
Table 1 Fluorescence excitation/emission (Ex/Em) wavelengths of standard substances and the subsequent characteristic peaks of the reference components
in natural waters
Samples
Fluorescence properties
Peak A-region Peak T-region
Peak T
UV -region References
Standard substances/Component
type
Peak C-region
Peak C
Peak M
p
Peak W
Ex/Em (nm)
Standard Suwannee
River Fulvic
Acid dissolved in Milli-Q waters
(n
= 5) b
330/462
–
–
250/462
–
–
Mostofa et al.
(2005a),
Mostofa KMG
et al., (unpublished data)
Standard Suwannee River Fulvic
Acid dissolved in Milli-Q waters
(n
= 5) b
–
–
–
230/441
–
–
Mostofa et al.
(2005a),
Mostofa KMG
et al., (unpublished data)
Standard Suwannee River Fulvic
Acid dissolved in Milli-Q waters
325/442
–
–
255/450
–
–
Nakajima (2006)
Standard Suwannee River Fulvic
Acid dissolved in sea waters
345/452
–
–
255/451
–
–
Nakajima (2006)
Fulvic acids (IHSS standard, n
= 5) 333
± 4/452
± 12 –
–
–
–
–
Baker (2005)
Suwannee River Fulvic Acid
325/450
–
–
260/460
–
–
Coble et al. (1990)
Fulvic acid, extracted from River
–
300–310/420–
430
–
260–270/430–
440
–
–
(Schwede-Thomas
et al. (2005)
Fulvic acid, extracted from Lake
–
305/448
–
240/440
–
–
Mostofa KMG
et al., (unpublished data)
Suwannee River and Pine Barrens
(pH: 3–6)
330–340/451–467 –
–
240–260/427–
468
–
–
Schwede-Thomas
et al. (2005)
Fulvic acid (SJF)
–
310/419
–
–
–
–
Coble (1996),
(2007)
(contniued)