9. Bioaccumulation and Trophic Transfer of Organic Contaminants
231
Leo, A.; Hansch, c.; Elkins, D. Partition coefficients and their uses. Chern. Rev. 71:525616; 1971.
Lien, G.J.; McKim, J.M. Predicting branchial and cutaneous uptake of 2,5,2',5'-14tetrachlorobiphenyl in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and Japanese medaka
(Oryzias latipes): rate limiting factors. Aquat. Toxicol. 27: 15-32; 1993.
Lien, G.J.; Nichols, J.W.; McKim, J.M.; Gallinat, C.A. Modeling the accumulation of three
waterborne chlorinated ethanes in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas): a physiologically based approach. Environ. Toxicol. Chern. 13:1195-1205; 1994.
Loganathan, B.; Kannan, K.; Watanabe, I.; Kawano, M.; Irvine, K.; Kumar, S.; Sikka, H.
Isomer-specific determination and toxic evaluation of polychlorinated biphenyls and
dioxins. Environ. Sci. Technol. 29:1832-1838; 1995.
Ma, L.; Taraschi, T.F.; Janes, N. Nuclear magnetic resonance partitioning studies of solute
action in lipid membranes. Bull. Mag. Reson. 14:293-98; 1992.
McCarty, L.S.; Mackay, D. Enhancing ecotoxicological modeling and assessment. Environ. Sci. Technol. 27: 1719-1728; 1993.
Macek, K.J.; Petrocelli, S.R.; Sleight, B.H., III. Consideration in assessing the potential for
and significance of, biomagnification of chemical residues in aquatic foodchains. In:
McFarland, V.A. Activity-based evaluation of potential bioaccumulation from sediments. In: Montgomery, R.L.; Leach, J.W., eds. Dredging and Dredged Material
Disposal Proceedings of the Conference Dredging '84. New York: American Society of
Civil Engineering; 1984:p. 461-466.
McFarland, V.A.; Clark, J .U. Environmental occurrence, abundance, and potential toxicity
of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners: considerations for a congener-specific analysis.
Environ. Health Perspect. 81:225-239; 1989.
Mackay, D. Multimedia Environmental Models: The Fugacity Approach. Chelsea, MI:
Lewis Publishers; 1991.
Mackay, D. Correlation of bioconcentration factors. Environ. Sci. Techno!. 16:274-278;
1982.
Marking L.L.; Kimerle, R. A., eds. Aquatic Toxicology. ASTM STP 667. Philadelphia:
American Society for Testing and Materials; 1979:p. 251-268.
Mommen, T.P.; Walsh, P. J. Vitellogenesis and oocyte assembly. Vol. 11. In: Hoar, WS.;
Randall, D. 1., eds. Fish Physiology. New York: Academic Press; 1988:p. 347-406.
Moriarty, F. Exposure and residues. In: Moriarty, F., ed., Organochlorine Insecticides:
Persistent Organic Pollutants. New York: Academic Press; 1975:p. 29-72.
Muir, D.C.G.; Yarechewski, G.R.B. Dietary accumulation of four chlorinated dioxin congeners by rainbow trout and fathead minnows. Environ. Toxicol. Chern. 7:227-235;
1988.
Mullins, L.J. Some physical mechanisms in narcosis. Chern. Rev. 54:289-323; 1954.
Neely, W.B.; Branson, D.R.; Blau, G.E. Partition coefficient measure bioconcentration
potential of organic chemicals in fish. Environ. Sci. Technol. 8: 1113-1115; 1974.
Nichols, J.W.; McKim, J.M.; Lien, GJ.; Hoffman, A.D.; Bretelsen, S.L. Physiologicallybased toxicokinetic modeling of three waterborne chloroethanes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 110:374-389; 1991.
Nichols, J.W; McKim, J.M.; Anderson, M.E.; Gargas, H.J.; Clewell, H.J., III; Erickson,
RJ. A physiologically-based toxicokinetic model for the uptake and disposition of
waterborne organic chemicals in fish. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 106:433-447; 1990.
Opperhuizen, A.; Damen, H.W.J.; Asyee, G.M.; Van der Steen, J.M.D.; Hutzinger, O.
Uptake and elimination by fish of polydimethylsiloxanes (silicones) after dietary and
aqueous exposure. Toxicol. Environ. Chern. 13:265-285; 1987.
231
Leo, A.; Hansch, c.; Elkins, D. Partition coefficients and their uses. Chern. Rev. 71:525616; 1971.
Lien, G.J.; McKim, J.M. Predicting branchial and cutaneous uptake of 2,5,2',5'-14tetrachlorobiphenyl in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and Japanese medaka
(Oryzias latipes): rate limiting factors. Aquat. Toxicol. 27: 15-32; 1993.
Lien, G.J.; Nichols, J.W.; McKim, J.M.; Gallinat, C.A. Modeling the accumulation of three
waterborne chlorinated ethanes in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas): a physiologically based approach. Environ. Toxicol. Chern. 13:1195-1205; 1994.
Loganathan, B.; Kannan, K.; Watanabe, I.; Kawano, M.; Irvine, K.; Kumar, S.; Sikka, H.
Isomer-specific determination and toxic evaluation of polychlorinated biphenyls and
dioxins. Environ. Sci. Technol. 29:1832-1838; 1995.
Ma, L.; Taraschi, T.F.; Janes, N. Nuclear magnetic resonance partitioning studies of solute
action in lipid membranes. Bull. Mag. Reson. 14:293-98; 1992.
McCarty, L.S.; Mackay, D. Enhancing ecotoxicological modeling and assessment. Environ. Sci. Technol. 27: 1719-1728; 1993.
Macek, K.J.; Petrocelli, S.R.; Sleight, B.H., III. Consideration in assessing the potential for
and significance of, biomagnification of chemical residues in aquatic foodchains. In:
McFarland, V.A. Activity-based evaluation of potential bioaccumulation from sediments. In: Montgomery, R.L.; Leach, J.W., eds. Dredging and Dredged Material
Disposal Proceedings of the Conference Dredging '84. New York: American Society of
Civil Engineering; 1984:p. 461-466.
McFarland, V.A.; Clark, J .U. Environmental occurrence, abundance, and potential toxicity
of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners: considerations for a congener-specific analysis.
Environ. Health Perspect. 81:225-239; 1989.
Mackay, D. Multimedia Environmental Models: The Fugacity Approach. Chelsea, MI:
Lewis Publishers; 1991.
Mackay, D. Correlation of bioconcentration factors. Environ. Sci. Techno!. 16:274-278;
1982.
Marking L.L.; Kimerle, R. A., eds. Aquatic Toxicology. ASTM STP 667. Philadelphia:
American Society for Testing and Materials; 1979:p. 251-268.
Mommen, T.P.; Walsh, P. J. Vitellogenesis and oocyte assembly. Vol. 11. In: Hoar, WS.;
Randall, D. 1., eds. Fish Physiology. New York: Academic Press; 1988:p. 347-406.
Moriarty, F. Exposure and residues. In: Moriarty, F., ed., Organochlorine Insecticides:
Persistent Organic Pollutants. New York: Academic Press; 1975:p. 29-72.
Muir, D.C.G.; Yarechewski, G.R.B. Dietary accumulation of four chlorinated dioxin congeners by rainbow trout and fathead minnows. Environ. Toxicol. Chern. 7:227-235;
1988.
Mullins, L.J. Some physical mechanisms in narcosis. Chern. Rev. 54:289-323; 1954.
Neely, W.B.; Branson, D.R.; Blau, G.E. Partition coefficient measure bioconcentration
potential of organic chemicals in fish. Environ. Sci. Technol. 8: 1113-1115; 1974.
Nichols, J.W.; McKim, J.M.; Lien, GJ.; Hoffman, A.D.; Bretelsen, S.L. Physiologicallybased toxicokinetic modeling of three waterborne chloroethanes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 110:374-389; 1991.
Nichols, J.W; McKim, J.M.; Anderson, M.E.; Gargas, H.J.; Clewell, H.J., III; Erickson,
RJ. A physiologically-based toxicokinetic model for the uptake and disposition of
waterborne organic chemicals in fish. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 106:433-447; 1990.
Opperhuizen, A.; Damen, H.W.J.; Asyee, G.M.; Van der Steen, J.M.D.; Hutzinger, O.
Uptake and elimination by fish of polydimethylsiloxanes (silicones) after dietary and
aqueous exposure. Toxicol. Environ. Chern. 13:265-285; 1987.