L
original particle length (mm)
L
fraction of active hyphal tips surviving entry into deceleration phase
(dimensionless)
l c
length of the residual particle core (mm)
m A
maintenance coefficient for compound A (g-A h –1 g-biomass –1 )
m d
specific inactivation rate (h –1 )
m d0
basal specific inactivation rate (h –1 )
m o
maintenance coefficient for oxygen (mol O 2 g-biomass –1 h –1 )
N C
critical rotational speed (rpm)
OUR oxygen uptake rate (mol h –1 )
r
radial extension rate (mm h –1 )
r m
radial extension rate at the optimal water activity for growth (mm h –1 )
R
universal gas constant (J mol –1 K –1 )
R A
rate of production or consumption of compound A (g g-substrate –1 h –1
or g h –1 )
R q
peak rate of heat generation (J h –1 )
RH
relative humidity (%)
SLF
submerged liquid fermentation
SSF
solid-state fermentation
t
time (h)
t a
time of entry into deceleration phase (h)
T
temperature (°C or K)
T c
time for complete particle degradation (h)
T max maximum temperature for growth (K)
vvm volumetric air flow rate (m 3 -air m –3 -volume min –1 )
V Z
superficial velocity of the air (m h –1 )
X
biomass (either kg-biomass m –3 or kg-biomass kg-dry-matter –1 )
Y
heat yield coefficient (J kg-biomass –1 ).
Y AX
stoichiometric coefficient relating compound A with growth (g-A g-biomass –1 )
Y XO
yield coefficient for growth on oxygen (g-biomass mol O 2
–1
)
ΩZ
at location Z in space
a
air
aw
water activity
B
bed
d
death
g
growth
G
glucose
IN
inlet air
max maximum
N
nutrient
O 2
oxygen
OUT outlet air
pH
pH
S
substrate
SURR surrounding air
T
temperature
64
D.A. Mitchell et al.
original particle length (mm)
L
fraction of active hyphal tips surviving entry into deceleration phase
(dimensionless)
l c
length of the residual particle core (mm)
m A
maintenance coefficient for compound A (g-A h –1 g-biomass –1 )
m d
specific inactivation rate (h –1 )
m d0
basal specific inactivation rate (h –1 )
m o
maintenance coefficient for oxygen (mol O 2 g-biomass –1 h –1 )
N C
critical rotational speed (rpm)
OUR oxygen uptake rate (mol h –1 )
r
radial extension rate (mm h –1 )
r m
radial extension rate at the optimal water activity for growth (mm h –1 )
R
universal gas constant (J mol –1 K –1 )
R A
rate of production or consumption of compound A (g g-substrate –1 h –1
or g h –1 )
R q
peak rate of heat generation (J h –1 )
RH
relative humidity (%)
SLF
submerged liquid fermentation
SSF
solid-state fermentation
t
time (h)
t a
time of entry into deceleration phase (h)
T
temperature (°C or K)
T c
time for complete particle degradation (h)
T max maximum temperature for growth (K)
vvm volumetric air flow rate (m 3 -air m –3 -volume min –1 )
V Z
superficial velocity of the air (m h –1 )
X
biomass (either kg-biomass m –3 or kg-biomass kg-dry-matter –1 )
Y
heat yield coefficient (J kg-biomass –1 ).
Y AX
stoichiometric coefficient relating compound A with growth (g-A g-biomass –1 )
Y XO
yield coefficient for growth on oxygen (g-biomass mol O 2
–1
)
ΩZ
at location Z in space
a
air
aw
water activity
B
bed
d
death
g
growth
G
glucose
IN
inlet air
max maximum
N
nutrient
O 2
oxygen
OUT outlet air
pH
pH
S
substrate
SURR surrounding air
T
temperature
64
D.A. Mitchell et al.