lantibiotics differ significantly from those of the class IA I lantibiotics [40, 82,
118, 122].
Lactacin F was the first non-lantibiotic bacteriocin characterized in lactic
acid bacteria for which both DNA and protein sequences were available [77,
203]. This information demonstrated that lactacin F is translated as a 75-amino
acid residue precursor which is posttranslationally processed by cleavage of a
46
E. Sablon et al.
Fig. 7. Alignment of leader peptides of class IA I and class IA II lantibiotics and class II nonlantibiotic bacteriocins. Lantibiotics with class IA I leaders include nisin A and nisin Z from
different strains of Lactococcus lactis [83], subtilin from Bacillus subtilis [84], epidermin, gallidermin and Peps from various Staphylococcus epidermidis strains [29, 90, 188]. Lantibiotics
with class IA II leaders include lacticin 481 (lactococcin DR) from L. lactis [211], streptococcin A-FF22 from Streptococcus sp. [199], salivaricin A from Streptococcus salivarius and cytolysin L1 and L2 from Enterococcus faecalis [122]. Bacteriocins of the non-lantibiotic class II
type include leucocin A from Leuconostoc gelidum [69], lactococcin A, B and M from L. lactis
[46, 125, 126, 135, 136], pediocin PA-1 from Pediococcus acidilactici [130], and sakacin A and
lactacin F from Lactobacillus sp. [43, 203]
Class IA I antibiotics
Class IA II antibiotics
118, 122].
Lactacin F was the first non-lantibiotic bacteriocin characterized in lactic
acid bacteria for which both DNA and protein sequences were available [77,
203]. This information demonstrated that lactacin F is translated as a 75-amino
acid residue precursor which is posttranslationally processed by cleavage of a
46
E. Sablon et al.
Fig. 7. Alignment of leader peptides of class IA I and class IA II lantibiotics and class II nonlantibiotic bacteriocins. Lantibiotics with class IA I leaders include nisin A and nisin Z from
different strains of Lactococcus lactis [83], subtilin from Bacillus subtilis [84], epidermin, gallidermin and Peps from various Staphylococcus epidermidis strains [29, 90, 188]. Lantibiotics
with class IA II leaders include lacticin 481 (lactococcin DR) from L. lactis [211], streptococcin A-FF22 from Streptococcus sp. [199], salivaricin A from Streptococcus salivarius and cytolysin L1 and L2 from Enterococcus faecalis [122]. Bacteriocins of the non-lantibiotic class II
type include leucocin A from Leuconostoc gelidum [69], lactococcin A, B and M from L. lactis
[46, 125, 126, 135, 136], pediocin PA-1 from Pediococcus acidilactici [130], and sakacin A and
lactacin F from Lactobacillus sp. [43, 203]
Class IA I antibiotics
Class IA II antibiotics