this review. Many more newer applications will certainly be identified and
studied in the near future.
Although in principle magnetic and electrophoretic extractions offer the
advantage of easy adaptation of the extraction equipment used in the chemical/
pharmaceutical industry to achieve efficient extraction, the cell mobilities and
mass and heat transfer aspects of this contacting equipment should be studied
in detail, employing different base solutions (buffers etc.) as well as real systems
involving the actual cells and macromolecules. Even if some of these aspects are
addressed in greater depth by future researchers, the objective of this review
article can be considered fulfilled in view of the recognized scientific and
industrial potential of magnetic and electrophoretic extraction methods.
Acknowledgements. The authors acknowledge the support of this work by SHOT. Inc., Floyd
Knobs, IN. One of the authors (KSMSR) gratefully acknowledges the Department of
Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India for sponsoring his sabbatical stay at University of
Colorado, Boulder, USA.
References
1. Setchell CH (1985) J Chem Tech Biotechnol 35B :175
2. Scott MW (1987 ) Bio/Technol 5 : 790
3. Todd P, Pretlow TG (1991) In: Kompala DS, Todd P (eds) Cell separation science and
technology. American Chemical Society, Washington, p 1
4. Bowden CP (1985) J Chem Tech Biotechnol 35B : 253
5. Whitesides GM, Kazlauskas RJ, Josephson L (1983) Trends in Biotechnol 1:144
6. Dunlop EH, Feiler WA, Mattione MJ (1984) Biotech Adv 2 : 63
7. Craig LC, Craig D (1956) In: Weissberger (eds) Techniques of organic chemistry.
Interscience, New York, vol 4, part 1
8. Hirschbein BL, Brown DW, Whitesides GM (1982) Chemtech 3 :172
9. Cremaschi CA, Cazaux L, Sterin-Borda (1994) Internat J Immunopharm 16 :12
10. Kuszynski KA, Miller AR (1993) In Vitro 29 : 708
11. Lokeshwar SS, Huang JS (1989) J Biol Chem 264 :19,318
12. Mitamura R, Iwamoto TU (1992) J Cell Biol 118 :1389
13. Johnson RL, Burke TG (1990) J Virol 64 : 2569
14. Filmus JZ, Buick RN (1992) Oncogene 7 : 521
15. Martin JL, Marvaldi J (1989) Eur J Biochem 180 : 435
16. Barg RS (1990) Neuroscience Lett 111: 222
17. Reddy S, Moore LR, Sun L, Zborowski M, Chalmers JJ (1995) Chem Eng Sci 51: 947
18. Rickard DL (1989) Am J Clin Nutrition 49 : 641
19. Blackmore RP, Frankel RB, Wolfe RS (1979) Science 203 :1355
20. Rosenberg RE (1982) Sci Am 247 :124
21. Mosbach K, Anderson L (1977) Nature 270 : 259
22. Melville D, Paul F, Roath S (1975) Nature 255 : 706
23. Graham MD, Selvin PR (1982) IEEE Trans Magn MAG 18 :1523
24. Palchett RA, Kelly AF, Kroll RG (1991) J Appl Bacteriol 71: 271
25. Olsvik O, Popovic T, Skjerve E (1994) Clinical Microb Rev 7 : 43
26. Safarik I, Safarikova M, Forsythe SJ (1995) J Appl Bacteriol 78 : 575
27. Seesod N, Lunderberg J, Hedrum A (1993) J Clinical Microb 31: 2715
28. Grinde B, Jonnesen TO, Ushijima H (1993) J Virol Meth 55 : 327
29. Halling PJ, Dunhill P (1979) Eur J Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 6 :195
30. Larsson PO, Mosbach K (1979) Biotech Lett 1 : 501
31. Dauer RR, Dunlop EH (1991) Biotechnol Bioeng 37 :1021
186
K.S.M.S. Raghavarao et al.
studied in the near future.
Although in principle magnetic and electrophoretic extractions offer the
advantage of easy adaptation of the extraction equipment used in the chemical/
pharmaceutical industry to achieve efficient extraction, the cell mobilities and
mass and heat transfer aspects of this contacting equipment should be studied
in detail, employing different base solutions (buffers etc.) as well as real systems
involving the actual cells and macromolecules. Even if some of these aspects are
addressed in greater depth by future researchers, the objective of this review
article can be considered fulfilled in view of the recognized scientific and
industrial potential of magnetic and electrophoretic extraction methods.
Acknowledgements. The authors acknowledge the support of this work by SHOT. Inc., Floyd
Knobs, IN. One of the authors (KSMSR) gratefully acknowledges the Department of
Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India for sponsoring his sabbatical stay at University of
Colorado, Boulder, USA.
References
1. Setchell CH (1985) J Chem Tech Biotechnol 35B :175
2. Scott MW (1987 ) Bio/Technol 5 : 790
3. Todd P, Pretlow TG (1991) In: Kompala DS, Todd P (eds) Cell separation science and
technology. American Chemical Society, Washington, p 1
4. Bowden CP (1985) J Chem Tech Biotechnol 35B : 253
5. Whitesides GM, Kazlauskas RJ, Josephson L (1983) Trends in Biotechnol 1:144
6. Dunlop EH, Feiler WA, Mattione MJ (1984) Biotech Adv 2 : 63
7. Craig LC, Craig D (1956) In: Weissberger (eds) Techniques of organic chemistry.
Interscience, New York, vol 4, part 1
8. Hirschbein BL, Brown DW, Whitesides GM (1982) Chemtech 3 :172
9. Cremaschi CA, Cazaux L, Sterin-Borda (1994) Internat J Immunopharm 16 :12
10. Kuszynski KA, Miller AR (1993) In Vitro 29 : 708
11. Lokeshwar SS, Huang JS (1989) J Biol Chem 264 :19,318
12. Mitamura R, Iwamoto TU (1992) J Cell Biol 118 :1389
13. Johnson RL, Burke TG (1990) J Virol 64 : 2569
14. Filmus JZ, Buick RN (1992) Oncogene 7 : 521
15. Martin JL, Marvaldi J (1989) Eur J Biochem 180 : 435
16. Barg RS (1990) Neuroscience Lett 111: 222
17. Reddy S, Moore LR, Sun L, Zborowski M, Chalmers JJ (1995) Chem Eng Sci 51: 947
18. Rickard DL (1989) Am J Clin Nutrition 49 : 641
19. Blackmore RP, Frankel RB, Wolfe RS (1979) Science 203 :1355
20. Rosenberg RE (1982) Sci Am 247 :124
21. Mosbach K, Anderson L (1977) Nature 270 : 259
22. Melville D, Paul F, Roath S (1975) Nature 255 : 706
23. Graham MD, Selvin PR (1982) IEEE Trans Magn MAG 18 :1523
24. Palchett RA, Kelly AF, Kroll RG (1991) J Appl Bacteriol 71: 271
25. Olsvik O, Popovic T, Skjerve E (1994) Clinical Microb Rev 7 : 43
26. Safarik I, Safarikova M, Forsythe SJ (1995) J Appl Bacteriol 78 : 575
27. Seesod N, Lunderberg J, Hedrum A (1993) J Clinical Microb 31: 2715
28. Grinde B, Jonnesen TO, Ushijima H (1993) J Virol Meth 55 : 327
29. Halling PJ, Dunhill P (1979) Eur J Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 6 :195
30. Larsson PO, Mosbach K (1979) Biotech Lett 1 : 501
31. Dauer RR, Dunlop EH (1991) Biotechnol Bioeng 37 :1021
186
K.S.M.S. Raghavarao et al.