254
R. FISCHER
plete inhibition of motor expression [35] 6. We emphasize that both states
are comparable through a combination of intensely active central sympathetic stimulation with a portion of it expended in blocking the peripheralmotor-manifestations. We hypothesize that the similarities between the two
states may justify our extending the steady state concept, visualized in
Figure 3, to the REM dream state.
Acknowledgements
Part of the experimental data on which the concepts are based stem from continuing studies supported by Grant 66-341 of The (Ford) Foundations' Fund for
Research in Psychiatry; NIH General Research Support Grant Project No. 587
administered by the College of Medicine, The Ohio State University; and the
Psychiatric Research Foundation of Columbus.
References
1. ABRAMS, R. M., ]. A. J. STOLWIJK, H. T. HAMMEL and H. GRAICHEN: Life
Sci. 4, 2399 (1965).
2. BASTIAN, H. c.: Brain 32, 327 (1909).
3. BENOIT, 0.: J. Physiologie 56,259 (1964).
4. BIZZI, E., O. POMPEIANO and 1. SOMOGYI: Science 145, 414 (1964).
5. DRABKIN, D. L.: ]. Biol. Chern. 182, 317 (1950).
6. EVARTS, E.: Fed. Proc. 21, 351 (1962).
7. - ]. Neurophysiol. 27, 152 (1964).
8. FISCHER, R.: In: R. G. GRENELL and L. J. MULLINS (Eds.), Molecular
Structure and Functional Activity of Nerve Cells. Washington, D. c.:
Amer. lnst. Biol. Sci. 1956.
9. - In:]. T. FRASER (Ed.), Voices of Time. New York: Georg Braziller 1966.
10. -, F. GRIFFIN, R. C. ARCHER, S. C. ZINSMEISTER and P. S. ]ASTRAM: Nature
207, 1049 (1965).
11. - - and L. LISS: Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 96,44 (1962).
12. -, and R. KAELBLING: In: (J. WORTIS, Ed.) Recent Advances in Biological
Psychiatry 9. New York: Grune and Stratton 1967.
13. -, and M. A. ROCKEY: In EHRENPREIS-SOLNITZKY (Eds.), Neurosciences Research. New York: Academic Press (1968).
14. GELPKE, R.: As quoted by A. HOFMANN, Die Erforschung der Mexikanischen Zauberpilze und das Problem ihrer Wirkstoffe. Sonderabdruck aus
dem Basler Stadtbuch, 1964.
15. GIBSON, J.].: In: E. BERNARD and M. KARE (Eds.), Biological Prototypes
and Synthetic Systems. New York: Plenum Press 1962.
16. GOODDY, W.: Brain 88, 753 (1965).
17. -, and M. REINHOLD: Brain 75, 472 (1952).
18. HILL, R. M., R. FISCHER and D. WARSHAY: Am.]. Optometry 45,454, (1968).
19. HUXLEY, J. S.: Problems of Relative Growth. Lincoln MacVeigh. N. Y. The
Dial Press 1932.
6 Strangely, but fortunately, the REM dream state depends upon the same
neural structure in cat and man [22].
R. FISCHER
plete inhibition of motor expression [35] 6. We emphasize that both states
are comparable through a combination of intensely active central sympathetic stimulation with a portion of it expended in blocking the peripheralmotor-manifestations. We hypothesize that the similarities between the two
states may justify our extending the steady state concept, visualized in
Figure 3, to the REM dream state.
Acknowledgements
Part of the experimental data on which the concepts are based stem from continuing studies supported by Grant 66-341 of The (Ford) Foundations' Fund for
Research in Psychiatry; NIH General Research Support Grant Project No. 587
administered by the College of Medicine, The Ohio State University; and the
Psychiatric Research Foundation of Columbus.
References
1. ABRAMS, R. M., ]. A. J. STOLWIJK, H. T. HAMMEL and H. GRAICHEN: Life
Sci. 4, 2399 (1965).
2. BASTIAN, H. c.: Brain 32, 327 (1909).
3. BENOIT, 0.: J. Physiologie 56,259 (1964).
4. BIZZI, E., O. POMPEIANO and 1. SOMOGYI: Science 145, 414 (1964).
5. DRABKIN, D. L.: ]. Biol. Chern. 182, 317 (1950).
6. EVARTS, E.: Fed. Proc. 21, 351 (1962).
7. - ]. Neurophysiol. 27, 152 (1964).
8. FISCHER, R.: In: R. G. GRENELL and L. J. MULLINS (Eds.), Molecular
Structure and Functional Activity of Nerve Cells. Washington, D. c.:
Amer. lnst. Biol. Sci. 1956.
9. - In:]. T. FRASER (Ed.), Voices of Time. New York: Georg Braziller 1966.
10. -, F. GRIFFIN, R. C. ARCHER, S. C. ZINSMEISTER and P. S. ]ASTRAM: Nature
207, 1049 (1965).
11. - - and L. LISS: Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 96,44 (1962).
12. -, and R. KAELBLING: In: (J. WORTIS, Ed.) Recent Advances in Biological
Psychiatry 9. New York: Grune and Stratton 1967.
13. -, and M. A. ROCKEY: In EHRENPREIS-SOLNITZKY (Eds.), Neurosciences Research. New York: Academic Press (1968).
14. GELPKE, R.: As quoted by A. HOFMANN, Die Erforschung der Mexikanischen Zauberpilze und das Problem ihrer Wirkstoffe. Sonderabdruck aus
dem Basler Stadtbuch, 1964.
15. GIBSON, J.].: In: E. BERNARD and M. KARE (Eds.), Biological Prototypes
and Synthetic Systems. New York: Plenum Press 1962.
16. GOODDY, W.: Brain 88, 753 (1965).
17. -, and M. REINHOLD: Brain 75, 472 (1952).
18. HILL, R. M., R. FISCHER and D. WARSHAY: Am.]. Optometry 45,454, (1968).
19. HUXLEY, J. S.: Problems of Relative Growth. Lincoln MacVeigh. N. Y. The
Dial Press 1932.
6 Strangely, but fortunately, the REM dream state depends upon the same
neural structure in cat and man [22].