R
Random number, 32, 36, 51, 106, 274, 368
rate, 123, 124
Reactance, 242
Reactant, 66, 67, 69, 88, 89, 167
Reaction rate, 9, 66, 67, 70, 72, 76, 148, 167
Reaction velocity, 66, 67
Reality, 5–10, 17, 24, 25, 33, 34, 203, 252, 361
RECURRENCE, 173, 175
Reproduction, 14, 17, 198, 201, 241, 335, 391
Reproductive rule, 47
Reservoir, 10, 12, 13, 29, 86, 121, 173, 185,
263, 327, 411
Respiration, 75, 159, 164, 315
Ridge effect, 236
Roan, 191–195
Rodent, 197, 201
Rule of thumb, 9
Runge–Kutta 4, 20
S
Salamander, 349–355
Sampling, 37
Scale, 5, 15, 52, 93, 183, 197, 378, 428
Scatter plot, 50, 88
Scenario, 23, 25, 45, 415
Seasonal fluctuation, 31, 191
Selection, 7, 25, 99, 105, 112, 119, 120,
126, 412
Senescence, 158, 159, 162, 164
Sensitivity, 18, 22, 23, 33–37, 48, 50, 88, 91,
135, 171, 184, 187, 189, 190, 199,
219, 253, 263, 271, 286, 290, 334,
335, 350, 385
Sensitivity analysis, 22, 23, 34, 36, 88, 171,
219, 271, 350
Shingles, 174
Snapshot, 6
Soil, 159, 249–253
Solar beam, 414–416, 418, 420, 422
Solar constant, 415, 416
Solution, 18, 38, 51, 75, 154, 233, 385
Soybean, 157–165
Space, 21, 23, 27, 53, 91, 229, 237, 239, 283,
284, 286, 287, 289, 291, 292, 295
Spatial dynamics, 27, 37, 59–62, 283, 295,
367–374
Specialist, 26
Split function, 193
Spruce budworm, 381–389
Stability, 52, 120, 294, 377–379, 384, 416,
420, 422
Stable attractor, 385
Standard deviation, 34, 36, 42, 44, 45, 112,
218, 369
State variable, 10–13, 17, 18, 20, 22, 23, 37, 45,
53, 59, 61, 71, 83, 92, 108, 230, 241,
269, 283, 284, 288, 321, 392
Statistical approach, 33
Steady state, 10, 47–57, 78, 87, 89, 173,
185–187, 194, 199, 263, 269–271, 285,
287–291, 350, 385, 411, 420, 421
Stochiometric equation, 65
Stock, 10, 12–15, 17, 20, 29, 47, 48, 59–61, 65,
66, 72, 81, 92, 100, 101, 106–111,
113–116, 118, 121, 124, 125, 144, 158,
168–170, 173, 185, 193, 213, 224, 263,
285, 307, 312, 318, 321, 322, 324, 335,
357, 358, 360, 368, 393, 412
Storage, 24
Strategy, 27, 37, 120, 127
Stress, 52, 174, 378, 383
Stress level, 146
Substrate, 65, 69, 71, 72, 76
Succession, 250, 285, 357, 358
Survival rate, 172, 173, 212, 219, 221, 224,
259, 262, 263, 265, 312, 334, 350, 352
Synchronization, 241, 360
T
Tamarin, 229, 236, 239
Technique, 14, 17, 20, 23
Telescope, 4
Temperature, 9, 10, 66, 67, 147, 148, 150, 211,
215, 216, 218, 236, 312, 314, 315, 317,
320, 352, 391, 412, 414–422
Thermo-regulatory process, 147
Threshold, 92, 93, 137–139, 215, 216, 325
Thyroid gland, 81
time, 81
Tolerance, 20
Transforming variable, 10, 14, 30, 86
Trial and error, 3
Trophic cascade, 327–328
Trophic dynamics, 327–347
V
Vaccination, 7, 173, 175–178
Vaccine, 168, 174, 179–180
Variation, 11, 23, 24, 34, 36, 37, 45, 51, 52,
127, 159, 208, 234, 264, 295, 320–322,
329, 346, 370
Varicella zoster virus, 174
Index
433
Random number, 32, 36, 51, 106, 274, 368
rate, 123, 124
Reactance, 242
Reactant, 66, 67, 69, 88, 89, 167
Reaction rate, 9, 66, 67, 70, 72, 76, 148, 167
Reaction velocity, 66, 67
Reality, 5–10, 17, 24, 25, 33, 34, 203, 252, 361
RECURRENCE, 173, 175
Reproduction, 14, 17, 198, 201, 241, 335, 391
Reproductive rule, 47
Reservoir, 10, 12, 13, 29, 86, 121, 173, 185,
263, 327, 411
Respiration, 75, 159, 164, 315
Ridge effect, 236
Roan, 191–195
Rodent, 197, 201
Rule of thumb, 9
Runge–Kutta 4, 20
S
Salamander, 349–355
Sampling, 37
Scale, 5, 15, 52, 93, 183, 197, 378, 428
Scatter plot, 50, 88
Scenario, 23, 25, 45, 415
Seasonal fluctuation, 31, 191
Selection, 7, 25, 99, 105, 112, 119, 120,
126, 412
Senescence, 158, 159, 162, 164
Sensitivity, 18, 22, 23, 33–37, 48, 50, 88, 91,
135, 171, 184, 187, 189, 190, 199,
219, 253, 263, 271, 286, 290, 334,
335, 350, 385
Sensitivity analysis, 22, 23, 34, 36, 88, 171,
219, 271, 350
Shingles, 174
Snapshot, 6
Soil, 159, 249–253
Solar beam, 414–416, 418, 420, 422
Solar constant, 415, 416
Solution, 18, 38, 51, 75, 154, 233, 385
Soybean, 157–165
Space, 21, 23, 27, 53, 91, 229, 237, 239, 283,
284, 286, 287, 289, 291, 292, 295
Spatial dynamics, 27, 37, 59–62, 283, 295,
367–374
Specialist, 26
Split function, 193
Spruce budworm, 381–389
Stability, 52, 120, 294, 377–379, 384, 416,
420, 422
Stable attractor, 385
Standard deviation, 34, 36, 42, 44, 45, 112,
218, 369
State variable, 10–13, 17, 18, 20, 22, 23, 37, 45,
53, 59, 61, 71, 83, 92, 108, 230, 241,
269, 283, 284, 288, 321, 392
Statistical approach, 33
Steady state, 10, 47–57, 78, 87, 89, 173,
185–187, 194, 199, 263, 269–271, 285,
287–291, 350, 385, 411, 420, 421
Stochiometric equation, 65
Stock, 10, 12–15, 17, 20, 29, 47, 48, 59–61, 65,
66, 72, 81, 92, 100, 101, 106–111,
113–116, 118, 121, 124, 125, 144, 158,
168–170, 173, 185, 193, 213, 224, 263,
285, 307, 312, 318, 321, 322, 324, 335,
357, 358, 360, 368, 393, 412
Storage, 24
Strategy, 27, 37, 120, 127
Stress, 52, 174, 378, 383
Stress level, 146
Substrate, 65, 69, 71, 72, 76
Succession, 250, 285, 357, 358
Survival rate, 172, 173, 212, 219, 221, 224,
259, 262, 263, 265, 312, 334, 350, 352
Synchronization, 241, 360
T
Tamarin, 229, 236, 239
Technique, 14, 17, 20, 23
Telescope, 4
Temperature, 9, 10, 66, 67, 147, 148, 150, 211,
215, 216, 218, 236, 312, 314, 315, 317,
320, 352, 391, 412, 414–422
Thermo-regulatory process, 147
Threshold, 92, 93, 137–139, 215, 216, 325
Thyroid gland, 81
time, 81
Tolerance, 20
Transforming variable, 10, 14, 30, 86
Trial and error, 3
Trophic cascade, 327–328
Trophic dynamics, 327–347
V
Vaccination, 7, 173, 175–178
Vaccine, 168, 174, 179–180
Variation, 11, 23, 24, 34, 36, 37, 45, 51, 52,
127, 159, 208, 234, 264, 295, 320–322,
329, 346, 370
Varicella zoster virus, 174
Index
433