VIII
Contents
2.4
Effects of Mussel Beds
on Soft-Bottom Community Structure . . . . . . . . . ..
46
2.5
Mechanisms of Mussel-Bed Impacts
on Soft-Bottom Community Structure . . . . . . .
50
2.6
Top-Down vs. Bottom-Up Control
of Soft-Bottom Mussel-Bed Community Structure
52
2.7
Conclusions
54
References . . . . . .
54
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
Suspension Feeders on Sandy Beaches
E. Jaramillo, M. Lastra
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Beach Morphodynamic Types vs.
Community Structure of the Macroinfauna
Beach Morphodynamic Types and Abundances
and Population Biology of E. analoga . . . .
Tidal Movements and Burrowing Behaviour
Across- and Along-Shore Zonation
Conclusions
References
4
4.1
4.1.1
4.1.2
4.1.3
4.1.4
4.1.5
4.1.6
4.1.7
4.2
4.2.1
4.2.2
4.2.3
4.2.4
Switching Between Deposit and
Suspension Feeding in Coastal Zoobenthos
H.U. Riisgard, P. Kamermans
Overview
Polychaetes
Echinoderms
Bivalves ..
Amphipods
Soft Corals . .
Most Examples Among Passive Suspension Feeders
Adaptation to Suspension Feeding . . . . .
Example I: Switching to Suspension Feeding
in Nereis diversicolor . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Suspension-Feeding Behaviour . . . . . . .
Mucus-Net and Particle-Retention Efficiency
Filtration Rates . . . . .
Energy Cost of Pumping . . . . . . . . . . . .
61
61
64
67
68
68
70
70
73
73
75
80
81
82
83
84
84
85
86
86
87
87