XXIV
Contents
10 Fixed Link Projects in Denmark and Ecological Monitoring
of the 0resund Fixed Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 105
10.1 Introduction...................................................... 105
10.2 Great Belt Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 105
10.3 The 0resund Link ................................................. 105
10.4 The Fehmarn Belt Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 106
10.5 Ecological Monitoring Programme of the 0resund Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 107
10.5.1 Objectives.................................................. 107
10.5.2 Criteria.................................................... 107
10.5.3 Dredging Operations ........................................ 108
10.5.4 Monitoring Strategy ......................................... 109
10.5.5 The Contractors' Spill Monitoring Programme ................... 109
10.5.6 Calculation of the Zero Solution ............................ ' . .. 110
10.5.7 Feedback Monitoring Programme ............................. 110
10.5.8 Effect Monitoring ............................................ 111
10.6 Discussion and Conclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
113
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 115
11 Towards an Integrated Approach in Environmental Planning:
The Europipe Experience. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 117
11.1 Introduction...................................................... 117
11.2 The Wadden Sea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 117
11.3 The Europipe Project. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 118
11.4 The Environmental Protection Plan .................................. 119
11.5 Sensitivity Studies (Route Selection) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 120
11.6 Environmental Impact Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 121
11.7 The Environmental Management of Construction Activities ............. 122
11.8 Ecological Monitoring Programme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 124
11.9 Environmental Audit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 124
11.10 Conclusions .................................................
125
References ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 127
Part IV Recourse and Coastal Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
129
12 Managing the Ecology and Economy of Modified Estuaries:
The Delta Project in The Netherlands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 131
12.1 Introduction...................................................... 131
12.2 Responses of Ecology and Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 134
12.2.1 Ecology........................... . ....................... 134
12.2.2 Socio-economy ............................................. 136
12.3 Management Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 137
12.4 The Decision Making Process and Lessons Learned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 138
12.5 Conclusions ...................................................... 139
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140