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Appendices
Priority 1: inventory and further investigation of the potential of marine mineral resources
• Joint PPP-NGO, multidisciplinary research (metallogeny, biodiversity, site resilience…).
• In interaction with national research into mineral resources.
• For EEZs: by prioritising cooperation with certain European States (or as PPPs).
• For international waters, in partnership with certain States (Russia and Germany
for programmes already in progress).
Hence the need for two campaigns a year to make progress in the inventory (EEZ)
and knowledge of characteristic sites (Central Atlantic, Southern Pacific…).
Priority 2: development of French technologies and industries
• Implementation of new exploration technologies: high resolution, three dimensional analysis, modelling.
• Research on certain aspects: corrosion, reliability, impacts…
• Need for a demonstrator to validate the integration of known yet complex technological solutions.
• Mineral processing: adaptation to ocean mineral ores.
Priority 3: development of a French cluster on deep-sea resources
• Integrated approach (cf. Grenelle Environment Round Table).
• Association of universities and schools, public research bodies (including life
sciences research such as the French National Museum of Natural History) and
private research organisations (Eramet, Areva, Technip…). This evolution could
lead to the creation of a Thematic Advanced Research Network.
• Maintenance of skills in the field, development of coordinated training courses
(open to international students).
Priority 4: heritage management of marine mineral resources in EEZs, Extraplac
• Prerequisite: general inventory for planning.
• Access to resources: clarification of access to marine mineral resources in EEZs
(extralateral right, financial transparency).
• Definition of exploitation protocols for marine mineral resources in EEZs.
• In terms of flora and fauna: development of marine protected areas in EEZs (at
least 20 % of the total surface area).
Priority 5: maintenance of French access to research in international waters
(exploration licenses)
• Maintenance of the “nodules” license in coordination with Germany.
• Application for at least one exclusive research license on sulphide sites.
The proposals and guiding principles related to these priorities were reintegrated
into the three major scenarios and are detailed in the study summary chapter.
Hydrothermal sulphides The exploration and potential exploitation of hydrothermal
sulphides will be the pivotal point of all challenges: geopolitical (for international
Appendices
Priority 1: inventory and further investigation of the potential of marine mineral resources
• Joint PPP-NGO, multidisciplinary research (metallogeny, biodiversity, site resilience…).
• In interaction with national research into mineral resources.
• For EEZs: by prioritising cooperation with certain European States (or as PPPs).
• For international waters, in partnership with certain States (Russia and Germany
for programmes already in progress).
Hence the need for two campaigns a year to make progress in the inventory (EEZ)
and knowledge of characteristic sites (Central Atlantic, Southern Pacific…).
Priority 2: development of French technologies and industries
• Implementation of new exploration technologies: high resolution, three dimensional analysis, modelling.
• Research on certain aspects: corrosion, reliability, impacts…
• Need for a demonstrator to validate the integration of known yet complex technological solutions.
• Mineral processing: adaptation to ocean mineral ores.
Priority 3: development of a French cluster on deep-sea resources
• Integrated approach (cf. Grenelle Environment Round Table).
• Association of universities and schools, public research bodies (including life
sciences research such as the French National Museum of Natural History) and
private research organisations (Eramet, Areva, Technip…). This evolution could
lead to the creation of a Thematic Advanced Research Network.
• Maintenance of skills in the field, development of coordinated training courses
(open to international students).
Priority 4: heritage management of marine mineral resources in EEZs, Extraplac
• Prerequisite: general inventory for planning.
• Access to resources: clarification of access to marine mineral resources in EEZs
(extralateral right, financial transparency).
• Definition of exploitation protocols for marine mineral resources in EEZs.
• In terms of flora and fauna: development of marine protected areas in EEZs (at
least 20 % of the total surface area).
Priority 5: maintenance of French access to research in international waters
(exploration licenses)
• Maintenance of the “nodules” license in coordination with Germany.
• Application for at least one exclusive research license on sulphide sites.
The proposals and guiding principles related to these priorities were reintegrated
into the three major scenarios and are detailed in the study summary chapter.
Hydrothermal sulphides The exploration and potential exploitation of hydrothermal
sulphides will be the pivotal point of all challenges: geopolitical (for international