288
F
first-year ice 218
- summer signature 23
- winter signature 23
flux
- conductive 36,41
- enthalpy 37
- heat 3
-- latent turbulent 40
-- sensible 40
- mass 36
- radiative 36
frazil ice 37,39,153
freeze-up 39,237,238,245,250-251,254
freshwater export 36
G
Gatineau station 151,213-214
Geophysical Processor System (GPS)
74,236
- classification products 223
- motion products 74,85,241
- motion product errors 80-82
- performance of classification
223-225
geostrophic wind fields 254
glacial ice 195
global climate 236
Grand Banks 274
grease ice 218
Great Lakes 203
Greenland Sea 3,265, 270, 271, 273, 276
Gulf of St. Lawrence 264
H
heat exchange 35
Hough transform 275
ice ablation 36,37
ice advection 37
ice age 215,241-249,253
ice analysts 220
ice classification 51,215,216-217,264
- automated 222-229
- manual 215-222
ice concentration estimates 94,197,265
Subject Index
- fromAVHHR 265
- from Landsat 94
- from SMMR 94
- from SSM!I 94-95,99, 100
- multiyear ice estimates from ERS-1
96-97
ice deformation 69, 71, 84
- of Antarctic ice 175
- of pack ice 81
- parameters 74,78
ice drift 73,160,215
- perennial 172-173
- seasonal 173-175
- tidal influence 170
ice edge 115,120
ice floes
- Antarctic 178-180
- convergence or divergence 81
- identification 9, 267
- motion 237
- multiyear ice 157
- rough first-year ice 157
- size 215
- size distribution 21, 22
- smooth first-year 155-157
- tracking 122-125
- white 155
ice formation
ice growth 36,37
Ice Information Services
- Canadian Ice Service 206-208
- Finnish Ice Service 208
- German Ice Service 210
- Japan Meteorological Agency 210-211
- National Ice Center (USA) 203-205
- Russia and Former Soviet Republics
211-212
- Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute 209-210
ice motion 37,112,171-172,197,229-230,
237,268-274
- algorithm validation 80-82,176-178
- Antarctic 165,167
- errors 80-82, 178, 230, 254
- Eulerian 241,252-253
- Lagrangian 237, 240-241, 252-253
- Marginal Ice Zone 271-274