A.J. SEPHTON AND K.c. PARTINGTON
Regarding future satellite SAR instruments, the C-band ASAR instrument onboard
ENVISAT -1 (currently due to be launched in 1999) will also have the flexibility of a variable incidence angle in the range of 15° - 45° and swatlI width up to 400 km. It will additionally have a dual polarization (HH and VV) capability, which in its alternating polarization mode (half of the looks in a scene acquired with horizontal polarization, and
the other half with vertical polarization) is likely to enable significant improvements
in ice type and iceberg discrimination performance.
Acknowledgments: The IPAP study was undertaken with funding from the British
National Space Centre and was performed in collaboration with SAIC (Science and
Engineering), University of Cambridge (Scott Polar Research Institute), Matra Marconi
Space UK, Nunaoil, Canarctic Shipping, and BP. Acknowledgment is also made to DRA
Farnborough who managed tlIe study, and to the European Space Agency for the provision of ERS-1 SAR data.
References
Banfield J (1991) Automated tracking of ice floes: a stochastic approach. IEEE Trans
Geosci Remote Sens 29, no 6: 905-911
Carsey F, Holt B (1987) Beaufort-Chukchi ice margin data from Seasat: ice motion. J
Geophys Res 92, no C7: 7163-7172
Collins MJ, Emery WJ (1988) A computational method for estimating sea ice motion in
sequential seasat synthetic aperture radar imagery by matched filtering. J Geophys
Res 93, no C8: 9241-9251
Colony R, Thorndike AS (1984) An estimate of the mean field of Arctic sea ice motion.
J Geophys Res 89, no C6: 10623-10629
Cover TM, Hart PE (1967) Nearest neighbor pattern classification. IEEE Trans Inf Theory 13: 21-27
Curlander JC, Holt B, Hussey KJ (1985) Determination of sea-ice motion using digital
SAR imagery. IEEE J Ocean Eng 10, no 4: 358-367
Fily M, Rothrock DA (1986) Extracting sea-ice data from satellite SAR imagery. IEEE
Trans Geosci Remote Sens 24, no 6: 849-854
Fily M, Rothrock DA (1987) Sea-ice tracking by nested correlations. IEEE Trans Geosci
Remote Sens 25, no 5: 570-580
Haralick R, Shanmugan K, Dinstein I (1973) Textural features for image classification.
IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern 3: 610-621
Ito H, Muller F (1982) Ice movement through Smith Sound in Northern Baffin Bay
Canada observed in satellite imagery. J Glaciol28: 129-143
Kendall MG, Stuart A (1977) Advanced theory of statistics, 4th edn. Griffin, London
Kwok R, Curlander JC, McConnell R, Pang SS (1990) An ice-motion tracking system at
the Alaska SAR Facility. IEEE J Ocean Eng 15, no 1: 44-54
Kwok R, Rignot E, Holt B, Onstott R (1992) Identification of sea ice types in spaceborne
synthetic aperture radar data. J Geophys Res (Oceans) 97, no C2: 2391-2402
Lippman RP (1987) An introduction to computing with neural Nets. IEEE ASSP Magazine April Issue, 4: 4-22
Regarding future satellite SAR instruments, the C-band ASAR instrument onboard
ENVISAT -1 (currently due to be launched in 1999) will also have the flexibility of a variable incidence angle in the range of 15° - 45° and swatlI width up to 400 km. It will additionally have a dual polarization (HH and VV) capability, which in its alternating polarization mode (half of the looks in a scene acquired with horizontal polarization, and
the other half with vertical polarization) is likely to enable significant improvements
in ice type and iceberg discrimination performance.
Acknowledgments: The IPAP study was undertaken with funding from the British
National Space Centre and was performed in collaboration with SAIC (Science and
Engineering), University of Cambridge (Scott Polar Research Institute), Matra Marconi
Space UK, Nunaoil, Canarctic Shipping, and BP. Acknowledgment is also made to DRA
Farnborough who managed tlIe study, and to the European Space Agency for the provision of ERS-1 SAR data.
References
Banfield J (1991) Automated tracking of ice floes: a stochastic approach. IEEE Trans
Geosci Remote Sens 29, no 6: 905-911
Carsey F, Holt B (1987) Beaufort-Chukchi ice margin data from Seasat: ice motion. J
Geophys Res 92, no C7: 7163-7172
Collins MJ, Emery WJ (1988) A computational method for estimating sea ice motion in
sequential seasat synthetic aperture radar imagery by matched filtering. J Geophys
Res 93, no C8: 9241-9251
Colony R, Thorndike AS (1984) An estimate of the mean field of Arctic sea ice motion.
J Geophys Res 89, no C6: 10623-10629
Cover TM, Hart PE (1967) Nearest neighbor pattern classification. IEEE Trans Inf Theory 13: 21-27
Curlander JC, Holt B, Hussey KJ (1985) Determination of sea-ice motion using digital
SAR imagery. IEEE J Ocean Eng 10, no 4: 358-367
Fily M, Rothrock DA (1986) Extracting sea-ice data from satellite SAR imagery. IEEE
Trans Geosci Remote Sens 24, no 6: 849-854
Fily M, Rothrock DA (1987) Sea-ice tracking by nested correlations. IEEE Trans Geosci
Remote Sens 25, no 5: 570-580
Haralick R, Shanmugan K, Dinstein I (1973) Textural features for image classification.
IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern 3: 610-621
Ito H, Muller F (1982) Ice movement through Smith Sound in Northern Baffin Bay
Canada observed in satellite imagery. J Glaciol28: 129-143
Kendall MG, Stuart A (1977) Advanced theory of statistics, 4th edn. Griffin, London
Kwok R, Curlander JC, McConnell R, Pang SS (1990) An ice-motion tracking system at
the Alaska SAR Facility. IEEE J Ocean Eng 15, no 1: 44-54
Kwok R, Rignot E, Holt B, Onstott R (1992) Identification of sea ice types in spaceborne
synthetic aperture radar data. J Geophys Res (Oceans) 97, no C2: 2391-2402
Lippman RP (1987) An introduction to computing with neural Nets. IEEE ASSP Magazine April Issue, 4: 4-22