8
c. TSATSOULIS AND R. KWOK
Chapter 10, by C. Bertoia, J. Falkingham, and F. Fetterer, describes the function, operation, and products of the government-supported sea ice services of the Arctic Nations.
The chapter discusses the operational needs of the maritime industry and how these
needs are satisfied by sea ice centers in the USA, Canada, Japan, the former Soviet
Republics, Germany, Norway, and others. The authors describe the current practices of
the centers, the sea ice products they generate, the manual and automated techniques
they use, and the future directions for tools that will analyze SAR in the timely manner
required by operational needs.
Chapter 11, by R. Kwok, describes the RGPS, the RADARSAT Geophysical Processor
System, a complete, semiautomated system that will be used to estimate and monitor
five sea ice parameters: ice motion, ice age/thickness, date of melt onsetlfreeze-up, open
water fraction, and histograms of backscatter. The RGPS produces a Lagrangian view
of the motion field from a sequence of SAR imagery, and uses this field to estimate the
ice age and ice thickness histograms of the thin ice fraction of the ice cover in the winter. In the summer the RGPS estimates the open water fraction. The time of melt onset
in the spring and freeze-up in the late fall are also estimated by the system.
Chapter 12, by A.J. Sephton, and K.C. Partington, presents a commercial SAR data
analysis system that was developed by GEC-Marconi Research Center in the UK. The
IPAP system (Ice Pilot Application Project) is described as to the algorithms used to
generate sea ice motion and sea ice typing/concentration maps, to identify the ice edge,
and to recognize icebergs.
Acknowledgments. Cheryl Bertoia and John Falkingham assisted with the historical
overview of satellite sensing of the polar regions.
References
Aagaard K, Carmack E (1994) The Arctic Ocean and climate: a perspective, the polar
oceans and their role in shaping the global environment. AGU Geophys Monogr 85
Manabe S, Stouffer RJ (1980) Sensitivity of a global climate mode to an increase of CO2
concentration in the atmosphere. J Geophys Res 85, no CI0: 5529-5554
c. TSATSOULIS AND R. KWOK
Chapter 10, by C. Bertoia, J. Falkingham, and F. Fetterer, describes the function, operation, and products of the government-supported sea ice services of the Arctic Nations.
The chapter discusses the operational needs of the maritime industry and how these
needs are satisfied by sea ice centers in the USA, Canada, Japan, the former Soviet
Republics, Germany, Norway, and others. The authors describe the current practices of
the centers, the sea ice products they generate, the manual and automated techniques
they use, and the future directions for tools that will analyze SAR in the timely manner
required by operational needs.
Chapter 11, by R. Kwok, describes the RGPS, the RADARSAT Geophysical Processor
System, a complete, semiautomated system that will be used to estimate and monitor
five sea ice parameters: ice motion, ice age/thickness, date of melt onsetlfreeze-up, open
water fraction, and histograms of backscatter. The RGPS produces a Lagrangian view
of the motion field from a sequence of SAR imagery, and uses this field to estimate the
ice age and ice thickness histograms of the thin ice fraction of the ice cover in the winter. In the summer the RGPS estimates the open water fraction. The time of melt onset
in the spring and freeze-up in the late fall are also estimated by the system.
Chapter 12, by A.J. Sephton, and K.C. Partington, presents a commercial SAR data
analysis system that was developed by GEC-Marconi Research Center in the UK. The
IPAP system (Ice Pilot Application Project) is described as to the algorithms used to
generate sea ice motion and sea ice typing/concentration maps, to identify the ice edge,
and to recognize icebergs.
Acknowledgments. Cheryl Bertoia and John Falkingham assisted with the historical
overview of satellite sensing of the polar regions.
References
Aagaard K, Carmack E (1994) The Arctic Ocean and climate: a perspective, the polar
oceans and their role in shaping the global environment. AGU Geophys Monogr 85
Manabe S, Stouffer RJ (1980) Sensitivity of a global climate mode to an increase of CO2
concentration in the atmosphere. J Geophys Res 85, no CI0: 5529-5554