385
initialisation temperature and salinity fields come from Levitus Climatology
[MEDAR/MEDATLAS, 2002] in the Mediterranean Sea. At this time the
surface forcing function uses daily stress of wind, evaporation, precipitation,
net heat and solar fluxes provided by the European Center for Medium-range
Weather Forecast (ECMWF) analyses and forecast. The surface forcing
includes a retroaction term in the net heat flux, based on the difference
between the model SST and the weekly Reynolds Sea Surface Temperature
[Reynolds], with the constant value of 40W/m
2 [Barnier et al., 1995]. A
relaxation term to the Sea Surface Salinity from climatological data is also
added to the E-P flux with the constant value of 5.10
-6 m.s
-1 . The next
version of all the configurations will using Bulk Formulae which allow a
better coherence between ocean surface and atmospheric fields and also is
the good way to forced the sea ice model. The main rivers are represented by
an input of fresh water at the river mouth given by the climatological
monthly data base from UNESCO [UNESCO, 1996]. A fresh water flux is
also added along Antarctica to simulate the melting of the continental ice.
Two configurations are MERCATOR target configurations for the
GODAE intensive phase, so that to cover global ocean with an eddypermitting resolution, and North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea basins with
an eddy-resolving resolution:
x
A high resolution basin configuration (5 to 7 km horizontal
resolution, 43 vertical levels from 6 m at the surface to respectively
200 m and 300 m at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea and the
Atlantic) covering North Atlantic from 9°N to 70°N and
Mediterranean sea [Siefridt et al., 2002]; this configuration focuses
on mesoscale processes [Drillet et al., 2004] and links with coastal
modelling in European seas. The first version of this configuration
used a bilaplacien operator for the horizontal viscosity and
diffusivity, a free slip lateral boundary condition and climatological
buffer zone at the south and north boundaries of the domain.
Several improvements will be soon used in the operational version
of this model like laplacien isopycnal diffusivity, a partial slip
lateral boundary condition, a bottom boundary layer and a south
open boundary allowing a coupling between global and regional
configuration. The next version of the high resolution Atlantic
model will design the future global high resolution model (1/12°)
with a free surface, a partial step vertical coordinate, the
atmospheric bulk formulae and a sea ice model.
x
A middle resolution global configuration (1/4° horizontal
resolution, 46 vertical levels from 6 m at the surface to 250 m at the
bottom) covering global ocean; this configuration aims at providing
the best ocean state estimates for global ocean analysis and
[Levitus and Boyer, 1994] completed with the Reynaud Climatology [Reynaud et al., 1998] in the Atlantic and the Medatlas climatology
MERCATOR OCEAN
initialisation temperature and salinity fields come from Levitus Climatology
[MEDAR/MEDATLAS, 2002] in the Mediterranean Sea. At this time the
surface forcing function uses daily stress of wind, evaporation, precipitation,
net heat and solar fluxes provided by the European Center for Medium-range
Weather Forecast (ECMWF) analyses and forecast. The surface forcing
includes a retroaction term in the net heat flux, based on the difference
between the model SST and the weekly Reynolds Sea Surface Temperature
[Reynolds], with the constant value of 40W/m
2 [Barnier et al., 1995]. A
relaxation term to the Sea Surface Salinity from climatological data is also
added to the E-P flux with the constant value of 5.10
-6 m.s
-1 . The next
version of all the configurations will using Bulk Formulae which allow a
better coherence between ocean surface and atmospheric fields and also is
the good way to forced the sea ice model. The main rivers are represented by
an input of fresh water at the river mouth given by the climatological
monthly data base from UNESCO [UNESCO, 1996]. A fresh water flux is
also added along Antarctica to simulate the melting of the continental ice.
Two configurations are MERCATOR target configurations for the
GODAE intensive phase, so that to cover global ocean with an eddypermitting resolution, and North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea basins with
an eddy-resolving resolution:
x
A high resolution basin configuration (5 to 7 km horizontal
resolution, 43 vertical levels from 6 m at the surface to respectively
200 m and 300 m at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea and the
Atlantic) covering North Atlantic from 9°N to 70°N and
Mediterranean sea [Siefridt et al., 2002]; this configuration focuses
on mesoscale processes [Drillet et al., 2004] and links with coastal
modelling in European seas. The first version of this configuration
used a bilaplacien operator for the horizontal viscosity and
diffusivity, a free slip lateral boundary condition and climatological
buffer zone at the south and north boundaries of the domain.
Several improvements will be soon used in the operational version
of this model like laplacien isopycnal diffusivity, a partial slip
lateral boundary condition, a bottom boundary layer and a south
open boundary allowing a coupling between global and regional
configuration. The next version of the high resolution Atlantic
model will design the future global high resolution model (1/12°)
with a free surface, a partial step vertical coordinate, the
atmospheric bulk formulae and a sea ice model.
x
A middle resolution global configuration (1/4° horizontal
resolution, 46 vertical levels from 6 m at the surface to 250 m at the
bottom) covering global ocean; this configuration aims at providing
the best ocean state estimates for global ocean analysis and
[Levitus and Boyer, 1994] completed with the Reynaud Climatology [Reynaud et al., 1998] in the Atlantic and the Medatlas climatology
MERCATOR OCEAN