15 Use of TIR from Space in Operational Systems
261
inhabit and thereby restricting fishing activities in these areas. The US National
Marine Fisheries Service has set up the “TurtleWatch” tool, a near real-time map
based on operational longline fishery characteristics, bycatch information, loggerhead sea turtle satellite tracks and satellite SST that identifies the fishing exclusion
zones for shallow nets to avoid turtle entrapment (Howell et al., 2008).
15.6.1 Use of TIR
The US National Marine Fisheries Service use the NOAA/NESDIS 0.05 ◦ resolution
GOES IR SST composite L3 product (Table 15.2) in support of coastal applications,
particularly studies related to commercial fisheries management and protection of
endangered species (Maturi et al., 2008). Another IR SST product used in the protection of endangered species is the AVHRR Pathfinder V4 SST. The TurtleWatch
product uses a daily, 3 day temporal mean image of the Pathfinder SST (Howell
et al., 2008).
15.6.2 TIR Requirements
Scientists involved in the stewardship of living marine resources require the characterisation of local error for each SST product, providing much needed reassurance
for data users who are sceptical about the quality of satellite-based SST measurements (Foley, 2009). Standardised formats for SST products (such as those
designed by GHRSST) allows for uniform access using tools compliant with those
recommended by the US Integrated Ocean Observing System and its international
counterparts (Foley, 2009).
15.7 Coral Bleaching Nowcasting and Forecasting Systems
Coral bleaching results from the loss of symbiotic algae, known as zooxantheallae,
from coral tissues during times of stress, often due to temperatures higher than the
coral colony’s tolerance level (Glynn, 1993). NOAA s Coral Reef Watch Program’s
satellite data 8 provide current reef environmental conditions to quickly identify
areas at risk for coral bleaching. Continuous monitoring of sea surface temperature
at global scales provides researchers and stakeholders with tools to understand and
better manage the complex interactions leading to coral bleaching. When bleaching
conditions occur, these tools can be used to trigger bleaching response plans and
support appropriate management decisions.
8 http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/index.html
261
inhabit and thereby restricting fishing activities in these areas. The US National
Marine Fisheries Service has set up the “TurtleWatch” tool, a near real-time map
based on operational longline fishery characteristics, bycatch information, loggerhead sea turtle satellite tracks and satellite SST that identifies the fishing exclusion
zones for shallow nets to avoid turtle entrapment (Howell et al., 2008).
15.6.1 Use of TIR
The US National Marine Fisheries Service use the NOAA/NESDIS 0.05 ◦ resolution
GOES IR SST composite L3 product (Table 15.2) in support of coastal applications,
particularly studies related to commercial fisheries management and protection of
endangered species (Maturi et al., 2008). Another IR SST product used in the protection of endangered species is the AVHRR Pathfinder V4 SST. The TurtleWatch
product uses a daily, 3 day temporal mean image of the Pathfinder SST (Howell
et al., 2008).
15.6.2 TIR Requirements
Scientists involved in the stewardship of living marine resources require the characterisation of local error for each SST product, providing much needed reassurance
for data users who are sceptical about the quality of satellite-based SST measurements (Foley, 2009). Standardised formats for SST products (such as those
designed by GHRSST) allows for uniform access using tools compliant with those
recommended by the US Integrated Ocean Observing System and its international
counterparts (Foley, 2009).
15.7 Coral Bleaching Nowcasting and Forecasting Systems
Coral bleaching results from the loss of symbiotic algae, known as zooxantheallae,
from coral tissues during times of stress, often due to temperatures higher than the
coral colony’s tolerance level (Glynn, 1993). NOAA s Coral Reef Watch Program’s
satellite data 8 provide current reef environmental conditions to quickly identify
areas at risk for coral bleaching. Continuous monitoring of sea surface temperature
at global scales provides researchers and stakeholders with tools to understand and
better manage the complex interactions leading to coral bleaching. When bleaching
conditions occur, these tools can be used to trigger bleaching response plans and
support appropriate management decisions.
8 http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/index.html