5 Direct Surface Current Field Imaging from Space
89
Acknowledgements We thank H. Breit, M. Eineder, and U. Steinbrecher (DLR,
Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany), M. Gade, S. Grünler, and J. Sprenger (University of Hamburg,
Germany), N. Winkel, A. Sohrmann, and H. Weilbeer (BAW, Hamburg), W. Sent (BSH, Hamburg),
and K. de Jong and J. Vogelzang (RWS, Netherlands) for important contributions to the research
presented in this chapter. This work has been partly funded by the U.S. Office of Naval Research
under grant N00014-09-1-0366.
References
Ainsworth TL, Chubb SR, Fusina RA, Goldstein RM, Jansen RW, Lee JS, Valenzuela GR (1995)
INSAR imagery of surface currents, wave fields, and fronts. IEEE Trans Geosci Rem Sens
33:1117–1123
Alsdorf D, Lettenmaier D, Vörösmarty C, NASA Surface Water Working Group (2003) The
need for global, satellite-based observations of terrestrial surface waters. EOS Trans AGU,
84(269):275–276
Berry PAM (2002) A new technique for global river and lake height monitoring using satellite
altimeter data. Int J Hydropower Dams 9(6):52–54
Bjerklie DM, Moller D, Smith LC, Dingman SL (2005) Estimating discharge in rivers using
remotely sensed hydraulic information. J Hydrol 309:191–209
Bonjean F, Lagerloef GSE (2002) Diagnostic model and analysis of the surface currents in the
tropical Pacific Ocean. J Phys Oceanogr 32:2938–2954
Calkoen CJ, Hesselmans GHFM, Wensink GJ, Vogelzang J (2001) The bathymetry assessment
system: efficient depth mapping in shallow seas using radar images. Int J Rem Sens 22:
2973–2998
Casulli V, Walters RA (2000) An unstructured grid, three-dimensional model based on the shallow
water equations. Int J Numer Methods Fluids 32:331–348
Chapron B, Collard F, Ardhuin F (2005) Direct measurements of ocean surface velocity from
space: interpretation and validation. J Geophys Res 110:C07008, doi:10.1029/2004JC002809,
17pp
Chapron B et al. (2002) Ocean geophysical results from ASAR. Presentation at ASAR Validation
Review 2002, available at http://envisat.esa.int/workshops/validation_12_02/asar/wv-asarvalidation-review_bchapron_12-dec-2002.ppt
Collard F, Mouche A, Chapron B, Danilo C, Johannessen JA (2008) Routine high resolution observation of selected major surface currents from space. Proceedings of the SeaSAR 2008, ESA
Communication Production Office, ESTEC, Noordwijk, Netherlands, 8pp
Essen HH, Gurgel KW, Schlick T (2000) On the accuracy of current measurements by means of
HF radar. IEEE J Oceanic Eng 25:472–480
European Commission (2005) SEAFLOW pilot project for the exploitation of marine currents.
Final Report JOR3-CT98-0202, European Commission, Brussels
Frasier SJ, Camps AJ (2001) Dual-beam interferometry for ocean surface current vector mapping.
IEEE Trans Geosci Rem Sens 39:401–414
Fu LL, Holt B (1982) Seasat Views Oceans and Sea Ice with Synthetic-Aperture Radar, JPL
Publisher, Jet Propulsion Lab, Pasadena, CA, USA, pp. 81–120, 200
Goldstein RM, Barnett TP, Zebker HA (1989) Remote sensing of ocean currents. Science
246:1282–1285
Goldstein RM, Zebker HA (1987) Interferometric radar measurement of ocean surface currents.
Nature 328:707–709
Graber HC, Thompson DR, Carande RE (1996) Ocean surface features and currents measured with
synthetic aperture radar interferometry and HF radar. J Geophys Res 101:25813–25832
Gründlingh ML (1983) On the course of the Agulhas Current. S Afr Geogr J 65:49–57
Gurgel KW, Schlick T (2007) Land-based over-the-horizon radar techniques for monitoring the NE Atlantic coastal zone. In: Barale V, Gade M (eds.) Remote Sensing of the
89
Acknowledgements We thank H. Breit, M. Eineder, and U. Steinbrecher (DLR,
Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany), M. Gade, S. Grünler, and J. Sprenger (University of Hamburg,
Germany), N. Winkel, A. Sohrmann, and H. Weilbeer (BAW, Hamburg), W. Sent (BSH, Hamburg),
and K. de Jong and J. Vogelzang (RWS, Netherlands) for important contributions to the research
presented in this chapter. This work has been partly funded by the U.S. Office of Naval Research
under grant N00014-09-1-0366.
References
Ainsworth TL, Chubb SR, Fusina RA, Goldstein RM, Jansen RW, Lee JS, Valenzuela GR (1995)
INSAR imagery of surface currents, wave fields, and fronts. IEEE Trans Geosci Rem Sens
33:1117–1123
Alsdorf D, Lettenmaier D, Vörösmarty C, NASA Surface Water Working Group (2003) The
need for global, satellite-based observations of terrestrial surface waters. EOS Trans AGU,
84(269):275–276
Berry PAM (2002) A new technique for global river and lake height monitoring using satellite
altimeter data. Int J Hydropower Dams 9(6):52–54
Bjerklie DM, Moller D, Smith LC, Dingman SL (2005) Estimating discharge in rivers using
remotely sensed hydraulic information. J Hydrol 309:191–209
Bonjean F, Lagerloef GSE (2002) Diagnostic model and analysis of the surface currents in the
tropical Pacific Ocean. J Phys Oceanogr 32:2938–2954
Calkoen CJ, Hesselmans GHFM, Wensink GJ, Vogelzang J (2001) The bathymetry assessment
system: efficient depth mapping in shallow seas using radar images. Int J Rem Sens 22:
2973–2998
Casulli V, Walters RA (2000) An unstructured grid, three-dimensional model based on the shallow
water equations. Int J Numer Methods Fluids 32:331–348
Chapron B, Collard F, Ardhuin F (2005) Direct measurements of ocean surface velocity from
space: interpretation and validation. J Geophys Res 110:C07008, doi:10.1029/2004JC002809,
17pp
Chapron B et al. (2002) Ocean geophysical results from ASAR. Presentation at ASAR Validation
Review 2002, available at http://envisat.esa.int/workshops/validation_12_02/asar/wv-asarvalidation-review_bchapron_12-dec-2002.ppt
Collard F, Mouche A, Chapron B, Danilo C, Johannessen JA (2008) Routine high resolution observation of selected major surface currents from space. Proceedings of the SeaSAR 2008, ESA
Communication Production Office, ESTEC, Noordwijk, Netherlands, 8pp
Essen HH, Gurgel KW, Schlick T (2000) On the accuracy of current measurements by means of
HF radar. IEEE J Oceanic Eng 25:472–480
European Commission (2005) SEAFLOW pilot project for the exploitation of marine currents.
Final Report JOR3-CT98-0202, European Commission, Brussels
Frasier SJ, Camps AJ (2001) Dual-beam interferometry for ocean surface current vector mapping.
IEEE Trans Geosci Rem Sens 39:401–414
Fu LL, Holt B (1982) Seasat Views Oceans and Sea Ice with Synthetic-Aperture Radar, JPL
Publisher, Jet Propulsion Lab, Pasadena, CA, USA, pp. 81–120, 200
Goldstein RM, Barnett TP, Zebker HA (1989) Remote sensing of ocean currents. Science
246:1282–1285
Goldstein RM, Zebker HA (1987) Interferometric radar measurement of ocean surface currents.
Nature 328:707–709
Graber HC, Thompson DR, Carande RE (1996) Ocean surface features and currents measured with
synthetic aperture radar interferometry and HF radar. J Geophys Res 101:25813–25832
Gründlingh ML (1983) On the course of the Agulhas Current. S Afr Geogr J 65:49–57
Gurgel KW, Schlick T (2007) Land-based over-the-horizon radar techniques for monitoring the NE Atlantic coastal zone. In: Barale V, Gade M (eds.) Remote Sensing of the