Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 309,
17–32.
de Vernal, A., and Marret, F., 2007. Organic-walled dinoflagellates:
tracers of sea-surface conditions. In Hillaire-Marcel, C., and de
Vernal, A. (eds.), Proxies in Late Cenozoic Paleoceanography.
New York: Elsevier, pp. 371–408.
de Vernal, A., Rochon, A., and Radi, T., 2007. Dinoflagellates. In
Elias, S. A. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 1652–1667.
Fensome, R. A., Taylor, F. J. R., Norris, G., Sarjeant, W. A. S.,
Wharton, D. I., and Williams, G. L., 1993. A classification of living and fossil dinoflagellates. Micropaleontology, Special Publication Number, 7, pp. 1–351.
Fensome, R. A., Crux, J. A., Gard, I. G., MacRae, R. A., Williams,
G. L., Thomas, F. C., Fiorini, F., and Wach, G., 2008a. The last
100 million years on the Scotian margin, offshore eastern Canada: an event-stratigraphic scheme emphasizing biostratigraphic
data. Atlantic Geology, 44, 93–126.
Fensome, R. A., MacRae, R. A., and Williams, G. L., 2008b.
DINOFLAJ2, Version 1. American Association of Stratigraphic
Palynologists, Data series no. 1, http://dinoflaj.smu.ca/wiki
Gómez, F., 2012. A checklist and classification of living dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata, Alveolata). CICIMAR Ocea ´nides, 27,
65–140.
Hackett, J. D., Anderson, D. M., Erdner, D. L., and Bhattachary, D.,
2004. Dinoflagellates: a remarkable evolutionary experiment.
American Journal of Botany, 91, 1523–1534.
Head, M. J., 1996. Modern dinoflagellate cysts and their biological
affinities. In Jansonius, J., and McGregor, D. C. (eds.), Palynology: Principles and Applications. Dallas: American Association
of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation, pp. 1197–1248.
Hoppenrath, M., Murray, S. A., Chomérat, N., and Horiguchi, T.,
2014. Marine Benthic Dinoflagellates – Unveiling Their Worldwide
Biodiversity.
Stuttgart:
Schweizerbart.
Kleine
Senckenberg-Reihe, Vol. 54.
Jansson, I.-M., Mertens, K. N., Head, M. J., de Vernal, A., Londeix,
L., Marret, F., Matthiessen, J., and Sangiorgi, F., 2014. Statistically assessing the correlation between salinity and morphology
in cysts produced by the dinoflagellate Protoceratium
reticulatum from surface sediments of the North Atlantic Ocean,
Mediterranean–Marmara–Black Sea region, and Baltic–Kattegat–Skagerrak estuarine system. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 399, 202–213.
Jeong, H. J., Yoo, Y. D., Kim, J. S., Seong, K. A., Kang, N. S., and
Kim, T. H., 2010. Growth, feeding, and ecological roles of the
mixotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates in marine planktonic food webs. Ocean Science Journal, 45, 65–91.
Kremp, A., 2013. Diversity of dinoflagellate life cycles: facets and
implications of complex strategies. In Lewis, J. M., Marret, F.,
and Bradley, L. (eds.), Biological and Geological Perspectives
of Dinoflagellates. London: The Micropalaeontological Society,
Special Publications, Geological Society, pp. 197–205.
Masure, E., Aumar, A.-M., and Vrielynck, B., 2013. Worldwide
palaeogeography of Aptian and Late Albian dinoflagellate cysts:
implications for sea-surface temperature gradients and
palaeoclimate. In Lewis, J. M., Marret, M., and Bradley, L. R.
(eds.), Biological and Geological Perspectives of Dinoflagellates. London: The Micropalaeontological Society, Special Publications, Geological Society, pp. 97–125.
Matsuoka, K., and Head, M. J., 2013. Clarifying cyst-motile relationships in dinoflagellates. In Lewis, J. M., Marret, M., and
Bradley, L. R. (eds.), Biological and Geological Perspectives
of Dinoflagellates. London: The Micropalaeontological Society,
Special Publications, Geological Society, pp. 325–350.
Matthiessen, J., de Vernal, A., Head, M. J., Okolodkov, Y.,
Zonneveld, K. A. F., and Harland, R., 2005. Modern organicwalled dinoflagellate cysts and their (paleo-)environmental significance. Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 79, 3–51.
Mertens, K. N., Rengefors, K., Moestrup, Ø., and Ellegaard, M.,
2012. A review of recent freshwater dinoflagellate cysts: taxonomy, phylogeny, ecology and palaeocology. Phycologia, 51,
612–619.
Pross, J., and Brinkhuis, H., 2005. Organic-walled dinoflagellate
cysts as paleoenvironmental indicators in the Paleogene; a synopsis of concepts. Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 79, 53–59.
Ribeiro, S., Berge, T., Lundholm, N., Andersen, T. J., Abrantes, F.,
and Ellegaard, M., 2011. Phytoplankton growth after a century
of dormancy illuminates past resilience to catastrophic darkness.
Nature Communications, doi:10.1038/ncomms1314.
Rochon, R., Lewis, J., Ellegaard, M., and Harding, I. C., 2009. The
Gonyaulax spinifera (Dinophyceae) “complex”: perpetuating
the paradox? Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 155,
52–60.
Schreck, M., Matthiessen, J., and Head, M. J., 2012.
A magnetostratigraphic calibration of Middle Miocene through
Pliocene dinoflagellate cyst and acritarch events in the Iceland
Sea (Ocean Drilling Program Hole 907A). Review of
Palaeobotany and Palynology, 187, 66–94.
Schreck, M., and Matthiessen, J., 2013. Batiacasphaera
micropapillata:
palaeobiogeographic
distribution
and
palaecological implications of a critical Neogene species complex. In Lewis, J. M., Marret, M., and Bradley, L. R. (eds.), Biological and Geological Perspectives of Dinoflagellates. London:
The Micropalaeontological Society, Special Publications, Geological Society, pp. 301–314.
Stover, L. E., Brinkhuis, H., Damassa, S. P., de Verteuil, L., Helby,
R. J., Monteil, E., Partridge, A. D., Powell, A. J., Riding, J. B.,
Smelror, M., and Williams, G. L., 1996. Mesozoic-Tertiary dinoflagellates, acritarchs and prasinophytes. In Jansonius, J., and
McGregor, D. C. (eds.), Palynology: Principles and Application.
Dallas: American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists
Foundation, pp. 641–750.
Taylor, F. J. R., 1987. The Biology of Dinoflagellates. Oxford:
Blackwell Scientific Publications, p. 785.
Taylor, F. J. R., Hoppenrath, M., and Saldarriaga, J. F., 2008. Dinoflagellate diversity and distribution. Biodiversity and Conservation, 17, 407–418.
Versteegh, G. J. M., and Zonneveld, K. A. F., 1994. Determination
of (palaeo-)ecological preferences of dinoflagellates by applying
detrended and canonical correspondence analysis to Late Pliocene dinoflagellate cyst assemblages of the south Italian Singa
section. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 84, 181–199.
Williams, G. L., Brinkhuis, H., Pearce, M. A., Fensome, R. A., and
Weegink, J. W., 2004. Southern Ocean and global dinoflagellate
cyst events compared: index events for the late Cretaceous –
Neogene. In Exon, N. F., Kennett, J. P., and Malone, M. J.
(eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific
Results 189. College Station: Ocean Drilling Program,
doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.189.107.2004.
Zonneveld, K. A. F., Meier, K. J. S., Esper, E., Siggelkow, D.,
Wendler, I., and Willems, H., 2005. The (palaeo)environmental
significance of modern calcareous dinoflagellate cysts: a review.
Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 79, 61–77.
Zonneveld, K. A. F., Versteegh, G., and Kodrans-Nsiah, M., 2008.
Preservation and organic chemistry of late Cenozoic organicwalled dinoflagellate cysts: a review. Marine Micropaleontology, 68, 179–197.
Zonneveld, K. A. F., Marret, F., Versteegh, G. J. M., Bogus, K.,
Bonnet, S., Bouimetarhan, I., Crouch, E., de Vernal, A.,
Elshanawany, R., Edwards, L., Esper, O., Forke, S., Grøsfjeld,
K., Henry, M., Holzwarth, U., Kielt, J.-F., Kim, S.-Y.,
Ladouceur, S., Ledu, D., Chen, L., Limoges, A., Londeix, L.,
Lu, S.-H., Mahmoud, M. S., Marino, G., Matsouka, K.,
192
DINOFLAGELLATES
17–32.
de Vernal, A., and Marret, F., 2007. Organic-walled dinoflagellates:
tracers of sea-surface conditions. In Hillaire-Marcel, C., and de
Vernal, A. (eds.), Proxies in Late Cenozoic Paleoceanography.
New York: Elsevier, pp. 371–408.
de Vernal, A., Rochon, A., and Radi, T., 2007. Dinoflagellates. In
Elias, S. A. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 1652–1667.
Fensome, R. A., Taylor, F. J. R., Norris, G., Sarjeant, W. A. S.,
Wharton, D. I., and Williams, G. L., 1993. A classification of living and fossil dinoflagellates. Micropaleontology, Special Publication Number, 7, pp. 1–351.
Fensome, R. A., Crux, J. A., Gard, I. G., MacRae, R. A., Williams,
G. L., Thomas, F. C., Fiorini, F., and Wach, G., 2008a. The last
100 million years on the Scotian margin, offshore eastern Canada: an event-stratigraphic scheme emphasizing biostratigraphic
data. Atlantic Geology, 44, 93–126.
Fensome, R. A., MacRae, R. A., and Williams, G. L., 2008b.
DINOFLAJ2, Version 1. American Association of Stratigraphic
Palynologists, Data series no. 1, http://dinoflaj.smu.ca/wiki
Gómez, F., 2012. A checklist and classification of living dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata, Alveolata). CICIMAR Ocea ´nides, 27,
65–140.
Hackett, J. D., Anderson, D. M., Erdner, D. L., and Bhattachary, D.,
2004. Dinoflagellates: a remarkable evolutionary experiment.
American Journal of Botany, 91, 1523–1534.
Head, M. J., 1996. Modern dinoflagellate cysts and their biological
affinities. In Jansonius, J., and McGregor, D. C. (eds.), Palynology: Principles and Applications. Dallas: American Association
of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation, pp. 1197–1248.
Hoppenrath, M., Murray, S. A., Chomérat, N., and Horiguchi, T.,
2014. Marine Benthic Dinoflagellates – Unveiling Their Worldwide
Biodiversity.
Stuttgart:
Schweizerbart.
Kleine
Senckenberg-Reihe, Vol. 54.
Jansson, I.-M., Mertens, K. N., Head, M. J., de Vernal, A., Londeix,
L., Marret, F., Matthiessen, J., and Sangiorgi, F., 2014. Statistically assessing the correlation between salinity and morphology
in cysts produced by the dinoflagellate Protoceratium
reticulatum from surface sediments of the North Atlantic Ocean,
Mediterranean–Marmara–Black Sea region, and Baltic–Kattegat–Skagerrak estuarine system. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 399, 202–213.
Jeong, H. J., Yoo, Y. D., Kim, J. S., Seong, K. A., Kang, N. S., and
Kim, T. H., 2010. Growth, feeding, and ecological roles of the
mixotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates in marine planktonic food webs. Ocean Science Journal, 45, 65–91.
Kremp, A., 2013. Diversity of dinoflagellate life cycles: facets and
implications of complex strategies. In Lewis, J. M., Marret, F.,
and Bradley, L. (eds.), Biological and Geological Perspectives
of Dinoflagellates. London: The Micropalaeontological Society,
Special Publications, Geological Society, pp. 197–205.
Masure, E., Aumar, A.-M., and Vrielynck, B., 2013. Worldwide
palaeogeography of Aptian and Late Albian dinoflagellate cysts:
implications for sea-surface temperature gradients and
palaeoclimate. In Lewis, J. M., Marret, M., and Bradley, L. R.
(eds.), Biological and Geological Perspectives of Dinoflagellates. London: The Micropalaeontological Society, Special Publications, Geological Society, pp. 97–125.
Matsuoka, K., and Head, M. J., 2013. Clarifying cyst-motile relationships in dinoflagellates. In Lewis, J. M., Marret, M., and
Bradley, L. R. (eds.), Biological and Geological Perspectives
of Dinoflagellates. London: The Micropalaeontological Society,
Special Publications, Geological Society, pp. 325–350.
Matthiessen, J., de Vernal, A., Head, M. J., Okolodkov, Y.,
Zonneveld, K. A. F., and Harland, R., 2005. Modern organicwalled dinoflagellate cysts and their (paleo-)environmental significance. Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 79, 3–51.
Mertens, K. N., Rengefors, K., Moestrup, Ø., and Ellegaard, M.,
2012. A review of recent freshwater dinoflagellate cysts: taxonomy, phylogeny, ecology and palaeocology. Phycologia, 51,
612–619.
Pross, J., and Brinkhuis, H., 2005. Organic-walled dinoflagellate
cysts as paleoenvironmental indicators in the Paleogene; a synopsis of concepts. Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 79, 53–59.
Ribeiro, S., Berge, T., Lundholm, N., Andersen, T. J., Abrantes, F.,
and Ellegaard, M., 2011. Phytoplankton growth after a century
of dormancy illuminates past resilience to catastrophic darkness.
Nature Communications, doi:10.1038/ncomms1314.
Rochon, R., Lewis, J., Ellegaard, M., and Harding, I. C., 2009. The
Gonyaulax spinifera (Dinophyceae) “complex”: perpetuating
the paradox? Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 155,
52–60.
Schreck, M., Matthiessen, J., and Head, M. J., 2012.
A magnetostratigraphic calibration of Middle Miocene through
Pliocene dinoflagellate cyst and acritarch events in the Iceland
Sea (Ocean Drilling Program Hole 907A). Review of
Palaeobotany and Palynology, 187, 66–94.
Schreck, M., and Matthiessen, J., 2013. Batiacasphaera
micropapillata:
palaeobiogeographic
distribution
and
palaecological implications of a critical Neogene species complex. In Lewis, J. M., Marret, M., and Bradley, L. R. (eds.), Biological and Geological Perspectives of Dinoflagellates. London:
The Micropalaeontological Society, Special Publications, Geological Society, pp. 301–314.
Stover, L. E., Brinkhuis, H., Damassa, S. P., de Verteuil, L., Helby,
R. J., Monteil, E., Partridge, A. D., Powell, A. J., Riding, J. B.,
Smelror, M., and Williams, G. L., 1996. Mesozoic-Tertiary dinoflagellates, acritarchs and prasinophytes. In Jansonius, J., and
McGregor, D. C. (eds.), Palynology: Principles and Application.
Dallas: American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists
Foundation, pp. 641–750.
Taylor, F. J. R., 1987. The Biology of Dinoflagellates. Oxford:
Blackwell Scientific Publications, p. 785.
Taylor, F. J. R., Hoppenrath, M., and Saldarriaga, J. F., 2008. Dinoflagellate diversity and distribution. Biodiversity and Conservation, 17, 407–418.
Versteegh, G. J. M., and Zonneveld, K. A. F., 1994. Determination
of (palaeo-)ecological preferences of dinoflagellates by applying
detrended and canonical correspondence analysis to Late Pliocene dinoflagellate cyst assemblages of the south Italian Singa
section. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 84, 181–199.
Williams, G. L., Brinkhuis, H., Pearce, M. A., Fensome, R. A., and
Weegink, J. W., 2004. Southern Ocean and global dinoflagellate
cyst events compared: index events for the late Cretaceous –
Neogene. In Exon, N. F., Kennett, J. P., and Malone, M. J.
(eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific
Results 189. College Station: Ocean Drilling Program,
doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.189.107.2004.
Zonneveld, K. A. F., Meier, K. J. S., Esper, E., Siggelkow, D.,
Wendler, I., and Willems, H., 2005. The (palaeo)environmental
significance of modern calcareous dinoflagellate cysts: a review.
Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 79, 61–77.
Zonneveld, K. A. F., Versteegh, G., and Kodrans-Nsiah, M., 2008.
Preservation and organic chemistry of late Cenozoic organicwalled dinoflagellate cysts: a review. Marine Micropaleontology, 68, 179–197.
Zonneveld, K. A. F., Marret, F., Versteegh, G. J. M., Bogus, K.,
Bonnet, S., Bouimetarhan, I., Crouch, E., de Vernal, A.,
Elshanawany, R., Edwards, L., Esper, O., Forke, S., Grøsfjeld,
K., Henry, M., Holzwarth, U., Kielt, J.-F., Kim, S.-Y.,
Ladouceur, S., Ledu, D., Chen, L., Limoges, A., Londeix, L.,
Lu, S.-H., Mahmoud, M. S., Marino, G., Matsouka, K.,
192
DINOFLAGELLATES