324
R.H. Charher and Chr. P. De Meyer
Breakwater : A fixed or floating structure that protects a shore area, harbor,
anchorage, or basin by intercepting waves.
Breakwater : Structure aligned parallel to shore, sometimes shore connected,
that provides protection from waves.
Bulkhead : A structure or partition placed on a bank or bluff to retain or prevent
sliding of the land and protect the inland area against damage from wave
action. See also SEAWALL.
Bulkhead : Structure that retains or prevents sliding of land or protects the land
from wave damage.
Clay : Extremely fine-grained soil with individual particles less than 0.00038 cm
(0.00015 inch) in diameter.
Cliff : A high, steep face of rock ; a precipice.
Cliff : High steep bank at the water's edge. In common usage, a bank composed
primarily of rock. See BLUFF.
Coast : The strip of land, of indefinite width (up to several miles), that extends
from the shoreline inland to the first major change in terrain features.
Cobbles : Rounded stones with diameters ranging from approximately 7.62 to
25.4 cm (3 to 10 inches). Cobbles are intermediate between GRAVEL and
BOULDERS.
Crest : Upper edge or limit of a shore protection structure.
Culm : Single stem of grass.
Current : A flow of water.
Current : Flow of water in a given direction.
Current, Longshore : Current in the breaker zone moving essentially parallel to
shore and usually caused by waves breaking at an angle to shore. Also called
alongshore current.
Deep water : Area where surface waves are not influenced by the bottom.
Generally, a point where the depth is greater than one half the surface
wavelength.
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