188
R.H. Charlier and Chr. P. De Meyer
The overall rate of limestone erosion has been estimated at 1 mm/yr (0.04 in/yr).
But in tropical and subtropical areas, it is probably much higher, due, partly, to
the forms created ; for erosional reefs a fig. of 10 mm/yr (0.39 in/yr) has been
advanced even if waves are not particularly strong. Subtidal notches of 5 m
(16.4 fi) (horizontal) were measured by Neuman in Hamngton Sound ~ermuda).
This type of subtidal erosion is enhanced be biological agents that bore (worms,
pelecypods and sponges) or browse (echinoids). Boring can cause an erosion rate
of 14 mm/yr (0.56 in/yr) and browsing of 6 mm/y (0.24 in/yr).
1.2
Beach Appeal
Beaches gained importance as a focus of attraction for holiday resorts ever since
the twenties, and the democratization of travel increased their accessibility to
ever larger numbers of people particularly after World War II. Though facilities
were already well developed, the economic growth in the sixties increased the
space demand on adjoining land and use of the beach to the very edge of the sea.
While this phenomenon was particularly evident in the industrialized countries it
manifested itself very rapidly in developing countries as well, even in quite
remote areas of the world 7. Affordable long distance travel fostered the
"discovery of the pristine beaches of developing countries".
Holiday makers cause serious local damage on intertidal habitat along the British
coast, particularly Dorset, where comparison is possible between exploited coasts
and adjacent coasts controlled by the Ministry of Defence and are closed to the
public. On the latter there is abundance of species rare or absent on adjacent
beaches. Damage is also caused by divers. The Isle of Lundy, Skamer, Fame,
have been proposed as nature reserves, a measure also recommended for parts of
Tor Bay and the Isles of Scilly 8.
However, demand for ocean-side space did not originate only with holidaymakers and tourists, it came with equal force from energy- and manufacturing
industries, commercial enterprises, and from the traditional vocations of
agriculture, animal husbandry and fisheries 9.
R.H. Charlier and Chr. P. De Meyer
The overall rate of limestone erosion has been estimated at 1 mm/yr (0.04 in/yr).
But in tropical and subtropical areas, it is probably much higher, due, partly, to
the forms created ; for erosional reefs a fig. of 10 mm/yr (0.39 in/yr) has been
advanced even if waves are not particularly strong. Subtidal notches of 5 m
(16.4 fi) (horizontal) were measured by Neuman in Hamngton Sound ~ermuda).
This type of subtidal erosion is enhanced be biological agents that bore (worms,
pelecypods and sponges) or browse (echinoids). Boring can cause an erosion rate
of 14 mm/yr (0.56 in/yr) and browsing of 6 mm/y (0.24 in/yr).
1.2
Beach Appeal
Beaches gained importance as a focus of attraction for holiday resorts ever since
the twenties, and the democratization of travel increased their accessibility to
ever larger numbers of people particularly after World War II. Though facilities
were already well developed, the economic growth in the sixties increased the
space demand on adjoining land and use of the beach to the very edge of the sea.
While this phenomenon was particularly evident in the industrialized countries it
manifested itself very rapidly in developing countries as well, even in quite
remote areas of the world 7. Affordable long distance travel fostered the
"discovery of the pristine beaches of developing countries".
Holiday makers cause serious local damage on intertidal habitat along the British
coast, particularly Dorset, where comparison is possible between exploited coasts
and adjacent coasts controlled by the Ministry of Defence and are closed to the
public. On the latter there is abundance of species rare or absent on adjacent
beaches. Damage is also caused by divers. The Isle of Lundy, Skamer, Fame,
have been proposed as nature reserves, a measure also recommended for parts of
Tor Bay and the Isles of Scilly 8.
However, demand for ocean-side space did not originate only with holidaymakers and tourists, it came with equal force from energy- and manufacturing
industries, commercial enterprises, and from the traditional vocations of
agriculture, animal husbandry and fisheries 9.