I. The Coastal Zone
7
2.1 Types of Economic Activities
Some long established activities, are now being displaced by new ones : fisheries,
artisanal or industrial, and mariculture, port-related, commercial and industrial
complexes, energy production, the exploitation of mineral resources, to name a
few. Mariculture is a broad term covering "new aquaculture", such as fish
husbandry in sea farms, conchyliculture and algae harvesting.
Almost everywhere, industrial activities develop, sometimes linked to maritime
transport - naval construction and repairs - but embracing diverse demands such
as steel and iron works, refineries and petrochemical installations, agrifood
industries and others.
Electrical power stations on the coast are fairly common on sites near harbors
and estuaries, because of the increased demand for energy in these areas. The
construction of nuclear power plants reflects the need for cooling water. In fact,
the coastal zone is often suitable for the construction of tidal-, wave- and ocean
thermal electrical plants.
Tourism activity flourishes over an ever-increasing mileage. Coastal zones in
Third World countries are no exception. The steadily growing demand for tourist
facilities triggers an important development of coastal accommodations (villas
and other buildings, camping grounds, pleasure harbors) entraining an increase
in environmental quality problems.
Coastal tourism adds new dimensions to coastal development. If investors are
willing to risk making substantial investments, one can only conclude that
customers are willing to pay steep prices.
Exploitation of biological resources, once an artisanal endeavor, now
industrialised in many developed nations, will soon be in the developing
countries, requiring construction of more sophisticated harbor facilities, ships and
electronic equipment repair shops, new factories and cold storage warehouses.
The exploitation of mineral resources, offshore and in the open ocean, for its part
will call for the construction of treatment facilities, refineries, oil and gas
pipeline terminals 5'6.
7
2.1 Types of Economic Activities
Some long established activities, are now being displaced by new ones : fisheries,
artisanal or industrial, and mariculture, port-related, commercial and industrial
complexes, energy production, the exploitation of mineral resources, to name a
few. Mariculture is a broad term covering "new aquaculture", such as fish
husbandry in sea farms, conchyliculture and algae harvesting.
Almost everywhere, industrial activities develop, sometimes linked to maritime
transport - naval construction and repairs - but embracing diverse demands such
as steel and iron works, refineries and petrochemical installations, agrifood
industries and others.
Electrical power stations on the coast are fairly common on sites near harbors
and estuaries, because of the increased demand for energy in these areas. The
construction of nuclear power plants reflects the need for cooling water. In fact,
the coastal zone is often suitable for the construction of tidal-, wave- and ocean
thermal electrical plants.
Tourism activity flourishes over an ever-increasing mileage. Coastal zones in
Third World countries are no exception. The steadily growing demand for tourist
facilities triggers an important development of coastal accommodations (villas
and other buildings, camping grounds, pleasure harbors) entraining an increase
in environmental quality problems.
Coastal tourism adds new dimensions to coastal development. If investors are
willing to risk making substantial investments, one can only conclude that
customers are willing to pay steep prices.
Exploitation of biological resources, once an artisanal endeavor, now
industrialised in many developed nations, will soon be in the developing
countries, requiring construction of more sophisticated harbor facilities, ships and
electronic equipment repair shops, new factories and cold storage warehouses.
The exploitation of mineral resources, offshore and in the open ocean, for its part
will call for the construction of treatment facilities, refineries, oil and gas
pipeline terminals 5'6.