4
R.H. Charlier and Chr. P. De Meyer
Subject to natural evolution trends and several geological hazards, the coastal
zone has their effects compounded by human interference. Frequently a close
relationship exists between environmental quality and some important economic
activities.
Coastlines are generally retreating. Coastal erosions cost can be very high.
Remedial action requires familiarization with the genesis and the history of the
beach, examination of the current state of the system, and the natural evolution
trends.
Hard structures protection is expensive and requires continuous upkeep ;
generally, it transfered the erosion problem further down the coast. Beach
protection mad restoration, can be attained and coast erosion remedied
immediately - but frequently such actions dismay both residents and vacationers
by numerous prohibitions, dune restoration, beach nourishment with coarse sand,
abandon of buildings, setting of a construction boundary line, end of flood control
projects on rivers.
With sea-level rise how long is it sensible to try to hold back the sea ? Economic
realities notwithstanding the forever stand will have to be abandoned and after
each storm consideration will have to be given not to rebuild some homes. How
well a community ultimately adapts to sea-level rise will depend largely on the
direction it takes when it reaches this crossroads.
Coastal protection management can consider stabilization, let nature take its
course, or compromise. In the latter instance land-leasing, rather than selling,
and the use of movable buildings seem indicated. A management plan that
ignores rising sea-levels, a gnawing erosion, silting access routes, is futile.
Disastrous floods do not affect only Bangladesh coasts ; spectacular inundations
wrought havoc on the Iberian littorals. Storms can wipe out a beach in a matter of
hours, geological subsidence is not uncommon, seismic and volcanic activity
affect many a coastal area.
2 References & Notes
.
2.
S.F. Edwards quoted in R.H. Charlier, "Coastal zone : occupance,
management and economic competitiveness" Ocean and Shoreline Manag.
12, nos 5/6, 383-402 (1989).
Anonymous, "Recent developments in ocean and coastal management"
Ocean and Shoreline Manag. 12, 1, 89-100 ; ibid. 12, 3, 363-364 (1989) ;
R.H. Charlier and Chr. P. De Meyer
Subject to natural evolution trends and several geological hazards, the coastal
zone has their effects compounded by human interference. Frequently a close
relationship exists between environmental quality and some important economic
activities.
Coastlines are generally retreating. Coastal erosions cost can be very high.
Remedial action requires familiarization with the genesis and the history of the
beach, examination of the current state of the system, and the natural evolution
trends.
Hard structures protection is expensive and requires continuous upkeep ;
generally, it transfered the erosion problem further down the coast. Beach
protection mad restoration, can be attained and coast erosion remedied
immediately - but frequently such actions dismay both residents and vacationers
by numerous prohibitions, dune restoration, beach nourishment with coarse sand,
abandon of buildings, setting of a construction boundary line, end of flood control
projects on rivers.
With sea-level rise how long is it sensible to try to hold back the sea ? Economic
realities notwithstanding the forever stand will have to be abandoned and after
each storm consideration will have to be given not to rebuild some homes. How
well a community ultimately adapts to sea-level rise will depend largely on the
direction it takes when it reaches this crossroads.
Coastal protection management can consider stabilization, let nature take its
course, or compromise. In the latter instance land-leasing, rather than selling,
and the use of movable buildings seem indicated. A management plan that
ignores rising sea-levels, a gnawing erosion, silting access routes, is futile.
Disastrous floods do not affect only Bangladesh coasts ; spectacular inundations
wrought havoc on the Iberian littorals. Storms can wipe out a beach in a matter of
hours, geological subsidence is not uncommon, seismic and volcanic activity
affect many a coastal area.
2 References & Notes
.
2.
S.F. Edwards quoted in R.H. Charlier, "Coastal zone : occupance,
management and economic competitiveness" Ocean and Shoreline Manag.
12, nos 5/6, 383-402 (1989).
Anonymous, "Recent developments in ocean and coastal management"
Ocean and Shoreline Manag. 12, 1, 89-100 ; ibid. 12, 3, 363-364 (1989) ;