Introduction and Overview
Boundary Conditions
L
e.g. geographical location (land/use interface)
""landward/seaward coastal geology, landward/seaward
, height and depth, slope, dissolved oxygen, currents, tides, ......
seasonaVextreme variations, precipitations
.... ___ "c .. evapotranspirati?~l.'.water i.n~~ils, pH, etc ---_ .. -
~
~
Structure
Processes
I
Biomass, flora and fauna
Biogeochemical cycling,
water/saH supply, minerals
--..
hydraulics, nutrient flows,
•
(including onshore and offshore
sand/sediment transport, water ~
oil and oasl, etc.
circulation longshore transport,
7
shelf transfers, ecological
interactions, etc.
Coastal zone functions
\
Coastal zone uses
'\
Outputs
Services
Agriculture, fisheries, urbanisation,
Systems balance/environment risk
energy resource
buffer (beach recharge, flood control),
Lexploration/exploitation, recreation
assimilative capacRy, contamination _
(tourism), nature conservation,
retention/dispersion, sewage/solid
ecosystems habitats aquaculture,
waste disposal, landfill, bathing water,
infrastructure development, land
international trade medium
reclamation, etc.
(naVigation), etc.
Coastal zo
Market analysis;
productivRy loss; hedonic
pricing; travel costs;
replacement and restoration
costs; contingent valuation
Damage costs; production
functions; hedonic pricing;
defensive expenditures;
relocation, replacement and
restoration costs; contingent
valuation
Existence, bequest &
philanthropy
contingent valuation
Option Values
contin ent valuation
Use Value
systems related feedbacks
economic/ecologicallinkages
Fig. 0.2. Coastal zone functions, uses and values
Non-use Value
5
~
> ~
0
...;l
0
U
~
~
treat the ecosystem as a web of demonstrated functional relationships. The biophysical sciences have to deal with patchiness at various scales which makes prediction of
environmental effects at a particular location very difficult. both authors advocate
detailed measuring and sampling methods to incrt,;ase predictability. In particular what