Although both projects were relatively limited in area (together comprising a
2.5-km stretch of shoreline), the Lanphere project was the first of its kind in
California, and gave rise to many other restoration projects in the region and
beyond. As of 2011, a total of 12 km of coastline in the Humboldt and Del Norte
counties have been cleared of Ammophila and other invasive species by a number
of government agencies and NGOs. Methods have included both manual and
mechanical (heavy equipment). Restoration has also been carried out, or is in
progress, in a number of dune systems along the California coastline, including the
Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes, Morro Bay Dunes, San Francisco Bay Dunes, Point
Reyes National Seashore, Bodega Bay, and MacKerricher State Park.
Acknowledgments The restoration projects described in this chapter are the result of much
collaboration among many partners over a long period of time. I would like to acknowledge
Linda Miller, Patricia Clifford, Trevor Goodman, and Kyle Wear, all of whom played critical
roles in the planning, implementation, monitoring, and/or maintenance of these projects. Field
work for new results presented in this chapter was carried out by Laurel Goldsmith and Kira
Hawk. Funding for the projects was from a number of sources, including The Nature Conservancy, US Fish and Wildlife Service, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, and the California
Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. Labor was provided by the California Conservation Corps., California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, Sheriff’s Work Alternative
Program, Friends of the Dunes volunteers, and the staff of Humboldt Bay National Wildlife
Refuge. Special thanks to Patrick Hesp for support, encouragement, and review of the
manuscript.
References
Albert ME, D’Antonio CM, Schierenbeck KE (1998) Hybridization and introgression in
Carpobrotus spp. (Aizoaceae) in California. Am J Bot 84:896–904
Aptekar R (2000) Ammophila arenaria (L.) Link. In: Bossard CC, Randall JM, Hoshovsky MC
(eds) Invasive plants of California’s wildlands. U.C. Press, Berkeley, pp 42–46
Atwater BF, Nelson AR, Clague JJ, Carver GA, Yamaguchi DK, Bobrowsky PT, Bourgeois J,
Darienzo ME, Grant WC, Hempill-Haley E, Kelsey HM, Jacoby GC, Nishenko SP, Palmer
SP, Peterson CD, Reinhart MA (1995) Summary of coastal geologic evidence for past great
earthquakes at the Cascadia subduction zone. Earthq Spectra 11:1–18
Atwater BF, Musumi-Rokkaku S, Satake K, Tsuji Y, Ueda K, Yamaguchi DK (2005) The orphan
tsunami of 1700—Japanese clues to a parent earthquake in North America. U.S. Geological
Survey Professional Paper 1707. Reston, Virginia, USA
Baker MJ (2005) Socio-economic characteristics and contributions of the natural resources
restoration system in Humboldt County, California. Ecol Restor 23:5–14
Buell AC, Pickart AJ, Stuart JD (1995) Introduction history and invasion patterns of Ammophila
arenaria on the north coast of California. Conserv Biol 9:1587–1593
Costa SL, Glatzel KA (2002) Humboldt Bay, California, Entrance channel report 1: Data review,
Coastal Inlets Research Program. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and
Development Center. Washington, D.C., USA
Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed) (1993) Flora of North America North of
Mexico. 16 ? vols. New York and Oxford
Hesp PA (2000) Coastal sand dunes: form and function. Coastal Dune vegetation network
technical bulletin no. 4. Forest Research, Rotorua, NZ
170
A. J. Pickart
2.5-km stretch of shoreline), the Lanphere project was the first of its kind in
California, and gave rise to many other restoration projects in the region and
beyond. As of 2011, a total of 12 km of coastline in the Humboldt and Del Norte
counties have been cleared of Ammophila and other invasive species by a number
of government agencies and NGOs. Methods have included both manual and
mechanical (heavy equipment). Restoration has also been carried out, or is in
progress, in a number of dune systems along the California coastline, including the
Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes, Morro Bay Dunes, San Francisco Bay Dunes, Point
Reyes National Seashore, Bodega Bay, and MacKerricher State Park.
Acknowledgments The restoration projects described in this chapter are the result of much
collaboration among many partners over a long period of time. I would like to acknowledge
Linda Miller, Patricia Clifford, Trevor Goodman, and Kyle Wear, all of whom played critical
roles in the planning, implementation, monitoring, and/or maintenance of these projects. Field
work for new results presented in this chapter was carried out by Laurel Goldsmith and Kira
Hawk. Funding for the projects was from a number of sources, including The Nature Conservancy, US Fish and Wildlife Service, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, and the California
Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. Labor was provided by the California Conservation Corps., California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, Sheriff’s Work Alternative
Program, Friends of the Dunes volunteers, and the staff of Humboldt Bay National Wildlife
Refuge. Special thanks to Patrick Hesp for support, encouragement, and review of the
manuscript.
References
Albert ME, D’Antonio CM, Schierenbeck KE (1998) Hybridization and introgression in
Carpobrotus spp. (Aizoaceae) in California. Am J Bot 84:896–904
Aptekar R (2000) Ammophila arenaria (L.) Link. In: Bossard CC, Randall JM, Hoshovsky MC
(eds) Invasive plants of California’s wildlands. U.C. Press, Berkeley, pp 42–46
Atwater BF, Nelson AR, Clague JJ, Carver GA, Yamaguchi DK, Bobrowsky PT, Bourgeois J,
Darienzo ME, Grant WC, Hempill-Haley E, Kelsey HM, Jacoby GC, Nishenko SP, Palmer
SP, Peterson CD, Reinhart MA (1995) Summary of coastal geologic evidence for past great
earthquakes at the Cascadia subduction zone. Earthq Spectra 11:1–18
Atwater BF, Musumi-Rokkaku S, Satake K, Tsuji Y, Ueda K, Yamaguchi DK (2005) The orphan
tsunami of 1700—Japanese clues to a parent earthquake in North America. U.S. Geological
Survey Professional Paper 1707. Reston, Virginia, USA
Baker MJ (2005) Socio-economic characteristics and contributions of the natural resources
restoration system in Humboldt County, California. Ecol Restor 23:5–14
Buell AC, Pickart AJ, Stuart JD (1995) Introduction history and invasion patterns of Ammophila
arenaria on the north coast of California. Conserv Biol 9:1587–1593
Costa SL, Glatzel KA (2002) Humboldt Bay, California, Entrance channel report 1: Data review,
Coastal Inlets Research Program. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and
Development Center. Washington, D.C., USA
Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed) (1993) Flora of North America North of
Mexico. 16 ? vols. New York and Oxford
Hesp PA (2000) Coastal sand dunes: form and function. Coastal Dune vegetation network
technical bulletin no. 4. Forest Research, Rotorua, NZ
170
A. J. Pickart