Chapter 18
Radioecology of the Black Sea
Aleksandr Strezov
18.1 Introduction
Radioecology is a modern science dealing with the behavior of radionuclides in the
environment. The studies of marine ecosystems, biodiversity and biota interactions,
including reliable evaluation of radionuclide and heavy metal impact on soils,
sediments and algae is a major task in studying the risk of environmental pollution
and effects on humans. Creation of data bases for long term environmental management of pollution; evaluation of ecological impact of human activities and
management of sustainable environment – coastal zone and continental shelf,
including assessment and forecasting techniques, is needed to understand the
impacts of various activities on ecosystems, to contribute to protect the ecosystems
from pollution and to develop long-term models for management of the
coastal zone.
18.1.1 The Black Sea Marine Ecosystem
The pollution of marine ecosystems by nuclides and heavy metals has been a worldwide problem in the last decades. The Black Sea ecosystem and ecological status
has been damaged mainly as a result of chemical pollution. Much of the pollutants
come from major rivers and from smaller sources in all Black Sea coastal countries.
The Black Sea water column is heavily impacted by a great number of pollutants
A. Strezov (*)
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Blv
Tzarigradsko shosse 72, Sofia 1874, Bulgaria
e-mail: astrezov@abv.bg
© Springer International Publishing AG 2018
C.W. Finkl, C. Makowski (eds.), Diversity in Coastal Marine Sciences, Coastal
Research Library 23, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-57577-3_18
295
Radioecology of the Black Sea
Aleksandr Strezov
18.1 Introduction
Radioecology is a modern science dealing with the behavior of radionuclides in the
environment. The studies of marine ecosystems, biodiversity and biota interactions,
including reliable evaluation of radionuclide and heavy metal impact on soils,
sediments and algae is a major task in studying the risk of environmental pollution
and effects on humans. Creation of data bases for long term environmental management of pollution; evaluation of ecological impact of human activities and
management of sustainable environment – coastal zone and continental shelf,
including assessment and forecasting techniques, is needed to understand the
impacts of various activities on ecosystems, to contribute to protect the ecosystems
from pollution and to develop long-term models for management of the
coastal zone.
18.1.1 The Black Sea Marine Ecosystem
The pollution of marine ecosystems by nuclides and heavy metals has been a worldwide problem in the last decades. The Black Sea ecosystem and ecological status
has been damaged mainly as a result of chemical pollution. Much of the pollutants
come from major rivers and from smaller sources in all Black Sea coastal countries.
The Black Sea water column is heavily impacted by a great number of pollutants
A. Strezov (*)
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Blv
Tzarigradsko shosse 72, Sofia 1874, Bulgaria
e-mail: astrezov@abv.bg
© Springer International Publishing AG 2018
C.W. Finkl, C. Makowski (eds.), Diversity in Coastal Marine Sciences, Coastal
Research Library 23, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-57577-3_18
295