Chapter 16
Levels of Activity Concentration, Migration
and Dose Rates on Biota from AlphaRadioisotopes of Plutonium in the Black Sea
Ecosystem
Nataliya N. Tereshchenko
Abstract The Black Sea received abundant amount of plutonium alpha–emitting
radionuclides
238,239,240 Pu with global fallout after nuclear weapon testing in
atmosphere and after accident on the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (ChNPP) in
1986. Distribution of plutonium radionuclides in abiotic (water and bottom sediment) and biotic (algae, mollusks, fish) components of the Black Sea ecosystems
was studied during the post–Chernobyl period at different areas as a rule at western
and central parts of the sea. This study is devoted to the analysis of a
radioecological situation in the Black Sea and concerns the levels of contamination
and redistribution of the
239,240 Pu in the abiotic and biotic components of the sea
ecosystem. The long–term accumulation and migration trends of these radionuclides were analyzed concerning abiotic components of the Black Sea after the
ChNPP accident. Zones were revealed that have an increased ability to accumulate
these radioactive pollutants. The estimations of the fluxes of elimination of the
after-accidental plutonium alpha–radionuclides into bottom sediments in open and
coastal areas of the sea were obtained. Evaluation of irradiation dose rates formed
with alpha–radiation of
239,240 Pu in Black Sea hydrobionts was carried out. Important quantitative characteristics of plutonium migration in the Black Sea ecosystems were obtained and application of the comparative analysis together with
equidosimetric approach to the ecological effects assessment from the
239,240 Pu
doses on hydrobionts in contemporary radiological situation in the Black Sea as
well as in different potential radioecological situations in wide range of alphaemitting plutonium radionuclides concentration activity in seawater was fulfilled.
N.N. Tereshchenko (*)
The A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Marine Biological Research of RAS, 2 Nakhimov Avenue,
Sevastopol, Russian Federation
e-mail: ntereshchenko@yandex.ru
© Springer International Publishing AG 2018
C.W. Finkl, C. Makowski (eds.), Diversity in Coastal Marine Sciences, Coastal
Research Library 23, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-57577-3_16
247
Levels of Activity Concentration, Migration
and Dose Rates on Biota from AlphaRadioisotopes of Plutonium in the Black Sea
Ecosystem
Nataliya N. Tereshchenko
Abstract The Black Sea received abundant amount of plutonium alpha–emitting
radionuclides
238,239,240 Pu with global fallout after nuclear weapon testing in
atmosphere and after accident on the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (ChNPP) in
1986. Distribution of plutonium radionuclides in abiotic (water and bottom sediment) and biotic (algae, mollusks, fish) components of the Black Sea ecosystems
was studied during the post–Chernobyl period at different areas as a rule at western
and central parts of the sea. This study is devoted to the analysis of a
radioecological situation in the Black Sea and concerns the levels of contamination
and redistribution of the
239,240 Pu in the abiotic and biotic components of the sea
ecosystem. The long–term accumulation and migration trends of these radionuclides were analyzed concerning abiotic components of the Black Sea after the
ChNPP accident. Zones were revealed that have an increased ability to accumulate
these radioactive pollutants. The estimations of the fluxes of elimination of the
after-accidental plutonium alpha–radionuclides into bottom sediments in open and
coastal areas of the sea were obtained. Evaluation of irradiation dose rates formed
with alpha–radiation of
239,240 Pu in Black Sea hydrobionts was carried out. Important quantitative characteristics of plutonium migration in the Black Sea ecosystems were obtained and application of the comparative analysis together with
equidosimetric approach to the ecological effects assessment from the
239,240 Pu
doses on hydrobionts in contemporary radiological situation in the Black Sea as
well as in different potential radioecological situations in wide range of alphaemitting plutonium radionuclides concentration activity in seawater was fulfilled.
N.N. Tereshchenko (*)
The A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Marine Biological Research of RAS, 2 Nakhimov Avenue,
Sevastopol, Russian Federation
e-mail: ntereshchenko@yandex.ru
© Springer International Publishing AG 2018
C.W. Finkl, C. Makowski (eds.), Diversity in Coastal Marine Sciences, Coastal
Research Library 23, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-57577-3_16
247