13.5 Conclusion
Radioisotope inventory analysis for the black sea area (at least for Romanian Shore
line) can be a valuable tool for contamination analysis but specific techniques have
to be developed for such activities. The wide variety of samples and sample type
and their densities can raise specific issues while using specialized high resolution
spectrometry (using GeHP detectors with standard POPTOP coaxial geometry) and
require detector calibration coefficient correction for each sample but, at least for
sediment samples can provide lower MDA’s and high confidence results.
The case for seawater samples, standard radioisotopes cannot always be determined but in some cases the simple presence of radionuclides like
241 Am in the
Constanta EST 2 location can be traced to the Chernobyl Event. In this specific
case, the higher
241 Am is correlated with a high concentration in
137 Cs and by its
mean we can trace it back to the
241
Puradionuclides given by Chernobyl
(Muravitsky et al. 2005).
While previous studies focus on air distribution (Nikolaos Evangeliou et al.
2016) for major radionuclides this method applied to sediment samples can use
241
Am as a tracer for major nuclear incidents in Europe and the presence of both Black
Sea – a semi closed basin – and the Danube (a river running along nearly half of
Europe) give an opportunity for an better assessment of the main nuclear incident in
Eurasia, the Cernobyl event.
References
Abdi MR, Hassanzadeh S, Kamali M, Hamid Reza Raji (2009) 238U, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs
activity concentrations along the southern coast of the Caspian Sea, Iran. Mar Pollut Bull 58
(5):658–662, ISSN 0025-326X, doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.01.009
Blebea-Apostu AM, Radulescu I, Margineanu R et al (2012) Assessment of sedimentation rate
through the use of anthropogenic 137Cs radionuclide. Romanian Reports in Physics 64
(1):211–220
Bologa AS, Patrascu V (1996) Radioactivity in the Romanian Black Sea Sector one decade after
Cernobyl. One Decade after Cernobyl: Summing up the consequences of the incident, IAEA
Boulyga SF, Erdmann N, Funk H, Kievets MK, Lomonosova EM, Mansel A, Trautmann N,
Yaroshevich OI, Zhuk IV (1997) Determination of isotopic composition of plutonium in hot
particles of the Cernobyl area. Radiat Measur Int Conf Nucl Tracks Solid 28(1–6):349–352.
doi:10.1016/S1350-4487(97)00098-X
Chu SYF, Ekstrm LP, Firestone RB (1999) The Lund/LBNL nuclear data search. http://
nucleardata.nuclear.lu.se. Accessed on Jan 2017
Done L, T ¸ ugulan LC et al (2015) Comparison of LabSOCS and GESPECOR codes used in
gamma-ray spectrometry. Appl Radiat Isot, 109:539–543, ISSN 0969-8043, doi: 10.1016/j.
apradiso.2015.11.036.
Evangeliou N, Hamburger T, Talerko N, Zibtsev S, Bondar Y, Stohl A, Balkanski Y, Mousseau
TA, Møller AP (2016) Reconstructing the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (CNPP) accident
30 years after. A unique database of air concentration and deposition measurements over
Europe. Environ Pollut, 216:408–418, ISSN 0269-7491, doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.030.
13 Radionuclides Assessment for the Romanian Black Sea Shelf
231
Radioisotope inventory analysis for the black sea area (at least for Romanian Shore
line) can be a valuable tool for contamination analysis but specific techniques have
to be developed for such activities. The wide variety of samples and sample type
and their densities can raise specific issues while using specialized high resolution
spectrometry (using GeHP detectors with standard POPTOP coaxial geometry) and
require detector calibration coefficient correction for each sample but, at least for
sediment samples can provide lower MDA’s and high confidence results.
The case for seawater samples, standard radioisotopes cannot always be determined but in some cases the simple presence of radionuclides like
241 Am in the
Constanta EST 2 location can be traced to the Chernobyl Event. In this specific
case, the higher
241 Am is correlated with a high concentration in
137 Cs and by its
mean we can trace it back to the
241
Puradionuclides given by Chernobyl
(Muravitsky et al. 2005).
While previous studies focus on air distribution (Nikolaos Evangeliou et al.
2016) for major radionuclides this method applied to sediment samples can use
241
Am as a tracer for major nuclear incidents in Europe and the presence of both Black
Sea – a semi closed basin – and the Danube (a river running along nearly half of
Europe) give an opportunity for an better assessment of the main nuclear incident in
Eurasia, the Cernobyl event.
References
Abdi MR, Hassanzadeh S, Kamali M, Hamid Reza Raji (2009) 238U, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs
activity concentrations along the southern coast of the Caspian Sea, Iran. Mar Pollut Bull 58
(5):658–662, ISSN 0025-326X, doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.01.009
Blebea-Apostu AM, Radulescu I, Margineanu R et al (2012) Assessment of sedimentation rate
through the use of anthropogenic 137Cs radionuclide. Romanian Reports in Physics 64
(1):211–220
Bologa AS, Patrascu V (1996) Radioactivity in the Romanian Black Sea Sector one decade after
Cernobyl. One Decade after Cernobyl: Summing up the consequences of the incident, IAEA
Boulyga SF, Erdmann N, Funk H, Kievets MK, Lomonosova EM, Mansel A, Trautmann N,
Yaroshevich OI, Zhuk IV (1997) Determination of isotopic composition of plutonium in hot
particles of the Cernobyl area. Radiat Measur Int Conf Nucl Tracks Solid 28(1–6):349–352.
doi:10.1016/S1350-4487(97)00098-X
Chu SYF, Ekstrm LP, Firestone RB (1999) The Lund/LBNL nuclear data search. http://
nucleardata.nuclear.lu.se. Accessed on Jan 2017
Done L, T ¸ ugulan LC et al (2015) Comparison of LabSOCS and GESPECOR codes used in
gamma-ray spectrometry. Appl Radiat Isot, 109:539–543, ISSN 0969-8043, doi: 10.1016/j.
apradiso.2015.11.036.
Evangeliou N, Hamburger T, Talerko N, Zibtsev S, Bondar Y, Stohl A, Balkanski Y, Mousseau
TA, Møller AP (2016) Reconstructing the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (CNPP) accident
30 years after. A unique database of air concentration and deposition measurements over
Europe. Environ Pollut, 216:408–418, ISSN 0269-7491, doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.030.
13 Radionuclides Assessment for the Romanian Black Sea Shelf
231