Pingree RD, Le Cann B (1989) Celtic and Armorican slope and shelf residual currents. Prog
Oceanogr 23:303–338
Pingree RD, Le Cann B (1990) Structure, strength and seasonality of the slope currents in the Bay
of Biscay region. J Mar Biol Assoc U K 70:857–885
Pollard RT, Pu S (1985) Structure and circulation of the Upper Atlantic Ocean northeast of the
Azores. Prog Oceanogr 14:443–462
Pollard S, Griffiths CR, Cunningham SA, Read JF, Perez FF, Rı ´os AF (1996) Vivaldi 1991 — a
study of the formation, circulation, and ventilation of the Eastern North Atlantic Central Water.
Prog Oceanogr 37:167–192
Pulgar JA, Gallart J, GPEA FA ´ -V, A ´ lvarez-Marro ´n J, Group E (1996) Seismic image of the
Cantabrian Mountains in the western extension of the Pyrenees from integrated ESCIN
reflection and refraction data. Tectonophysics 264:1–19
Rebesco M, Herna ´ndez-Molina FJ, Van Rooij D, Wa ˚hlin A (2014) Contourites and associated
sediments controlled by deep-water circulation processes: state-of-the-art and future considerations. Mar Geol 352:111–154. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2014.03.011
Reed JK, Weaver D, Pomponi SA (2006) Habitat and fauna of deep-water Lophelia pertusa coral
reefs off the Southeastern USA: Blake Plateau, Straits of Florida, and Gulf of Mexico. Bull Mar
Sci 78:343–375
Reveillaud J, Freiwald A, Rooij D et al (2008) The distribution of scleractinian corals in the Bay of
Biscay, NE Atlantic. Facies 54:317–331. doi:10.1007/s10347-008-0138-4
Roberts JM, Wheeler AJ, Freiwald A (2006) Reefs of the deep: the biology and geology of coldwater coral ecosystems. Science 312:543–547
Sa ´nchez F, Gonza ´les-Pola C, Druet M, Garcı ´a-Alegre A, Acosta J, Cristobo J, Parra S, Rı ´os P,
Altuna A, Go ´mez-Ballesteros M, Mu~ noz-Recio A, Rivera J, Dı ´az del Rı ´o G (2014) Habitat
characterization of deep-water coral reefs in La Gaviera canyon (Avile ´s Canyon System,
Cantabrian Sea). Deep-Sea Res II 106:118–140
Savini A, Vertino A, Marchese F, Beuck L, Freiwald A (2014) Mapping cold-water coral habitats
at different scales within the northern Ionian Sea (Central Mediterranean): an assessment of
coral coverage and associated vulnerability. PLoS One 9(1):e87108. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.
0087108
Somoza L, Ercilla G, Urgorri V, Leo ´n R, Medialdea T, Paredes M, Gonzales FJ, Nombela MA
(2014) Detection and mapping of cold-water coral mounds and living Lophelia reefs in the
Galicia Bank, Atlantic NW Iberia margin. Mar Geol 349:73–90
Srivastava SP, Roest WR, Kovacs LC, Oakey G, Le ´vesque S, Verhoef J, Macnab R (1990) Motion
of Iberia since the Late Jurassic: results from detailed aeromagnetic measurements in the
Newfoundland Basin. Tectonophysics 184:229–260
Taviani M, Remia A, Corselli C, Freiwald A, Malinverno E, Mastrototaro F, Savini A, Tursi A
(2005) First geo-marine survey of living cold-water Lophelia reefs in the Ionian Sea (Mediterranean basin). Facies 50(3–4):409–417
Taviani M, Angeletti L, Antolini B, Ceregato A, Froglia C, Lo ´pez Correa M, Montagna P,
Remia A, Trincardi F, Vertino A (2011) Geo-biology of Mediterranean deep-water coral
ecosystems. Mar Res at CNR. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232628431
Thinon I, Fidalgo-GonzA ´ lez L, Re ´hault JP, Olivet JL (2001) De ´formations pyre ´ne ´ennes dans le
golfe de Gascogne. Comptes Rendus de l’Acade ´mie des Sciences Paris 332:561–568
Thomson CW (1878) The Voyage of the “Challenger” The Atlantic – A preliminary account of the
general results of the exploring voyage of H.M.S. “Challenger” during the year 1873 and the
early part of the year 1876. By Sir C. Wyville Thomson, Director of the civilian scientic staff of
the “Challenger” expedition, in two volumes. Vol. I
Van Rensbergen P, Depreiter D, Pannemans B, Henriet J-P (2005) Seafloor expression of sediment
extrusion and intrusion at the El Arraiche mud vulcano field, Gulf of Cadiz. J Geophys Res
110:F02010. doi:10.1029/2004JF000165
11 Water Mass Measurements Around Benthic Communities: A Comparative Study. . .
199
Oceanogr 23:303–338
Pingree RD, Le Cann B (1990) Structure, strength and seasonality of the slope currents in the Bay
of Biscay region. J Mar Biol Assoc U K 70:857–885
Pollard RT, Pu S (1985) Structure and circulation of the Upper Atlantic Ocean northeast of the
Azores. Prog Oceanogr 14:443–462
Pollard S, Griffiths CR, Cunningham SA, Read JF, Perez FF, Rı ´os AF (1996) Vivaldi 1991 — a
study of the formation, circulation, and ventilation of the Eastern North Atlantic Central Water.
Prog Oceanogr 37:167–192
Pulgar JA, Gallart J, GPEA FA ´ -V, A ´ lvarez-Marro ´n J, Group E (1996) Seismic image of the
Cantabrian Mountains in the western extension of the Pyrenees from integrated ESCIN
reflection and refraction data. Tectonophysics 264:1–19
Rebesco M, Herna ´ndez-Molina FJ, Van Rooij D, Wa ˚hlin A (2014) Contourites and associated
sediments controlled by deep-water circulation processes: state-of-the-art and future considerations. Mar Geol 352:111–154. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2014.03.011
Reed JK, Weaver D, Pomponi SA (2006) Habitat and fauna of deep-water Lophelia pertusa coral
reefs off the Southeastern USA: Blake Plateau, Straits of Florida, and Gulf of Mexico. Bull Mar
Sci 78:343–375
Reveillaud J, Freiwald A, Rooij D et al (2008) The distribution of scleractinian corals in the Bay of
Biscay, NE Atlantic. Facies 54:317–331. doi:10.1007/s10347-008-0138-4
Roberts JM, Wheeler AJ, Freiwald A (2006) Reefs of the deep: the biology and geology of coldwater coral ecosystems. Science 312:543–547
Sa ´nchez F, Gonza ´les-Pola C, Druet M, Garcı ´a-Alegre A, Acosta J, Cristobo J, Parra S, Rı ´os P,
Altuna A, Go ´mez-Ballesteros M, Mu~ noz-Recio A, Rivera J, Dı ´az del Rı ´o G (2014) Habitat
characterization of deep-water coral reefs in La Gaviera canyon (Avile ´s Canyon System,
Cantabrian Sea). Deep-Sea Res II 106:118–140
Savini A, Vertino A, Marchese F, Beuck L, Freiwald A (2014) Mapping cold-water coral habitats
at different scales within the northern Ionian Sea (Central Mediterranean): an assessment of
coral coverage and associated vulnerability. PLoS One 9(1):e87108. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.
0087108
Somoza L, Ercilla G, Urgorri V, Leo ´n R, Medialdea T, Paredes M, Gonzales FJ, Nombela MA
(2014) Detection and mapping of cold-water coral mounds and living Lophelia reefs in the
Galicia Bank, Atlantic NW Iberia margin. Mar Geol 349:73–90
Srivastava SP, Roest WR, Kovacs LC, Oakey G, Le ´vesque S, Verhoef J, Macnab R (1990) Motion
of Iberia since the Late Jurassic: results from detailed aeromagnetic measurements in the
Newfoundland Basin. Tectonophysics 184:229–260
Taviani M, Remia A, Corselli C, Freiwald A, Malinverno E, Mastrototaro F, Savini A, Tursi A
(2005) First geo-marine survey of living cold-water Lophelia reefs in the Ionian Sea (Mediterranean basin). Facies 50(3–4):409–417
Taviani M, Angeletti L, Antolini B, Ceregato A, Froglia C, Lo ´pez Correa M, Montagna P,
Remia A, Trincardi F, Vertino A (2011) Geo-biology of Mediterranean deep-water coral
ecosystems. Mar Res at CNR. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232628431
Thinon I, Fidalgo-GonzA ´ lez L, Re ´hault JP, Olivet JL (2001) De ´formations pyre ´ne ´ennes dans le
golfe de Gascogne. Comptes Rendus de l’Acade ´mie des Sciences Paris 332:561–568
Thomson CW (1878) The Voyage of the “Challenger” The Atlantic – A preliminary account of the
general results of the exploring voyage of H.M.S. “Challenger” during the year 1873 and the
early part of the year 1876. By Sir C. Wyville Thomson, Director of the civilian scientic staff of
the “Challenger” expedition, in two volumes. Vol. I
Van Rensbergen P, Depreiter D, Pannemans B, Henriet J-P (2005) Seafloor expression of sediment
extrusion and intrusion at the El Arraiche mud vulcano field, Gulf of Cadiz. J Geophys Res
110:F02010. doi:10.1029/2004JF000165
11 Water Mass Measurements Around Benthic Communities: A Comparative Study. . .
199