lander data clearly exhibit that temperature and salinity maxima and minima
respectively do not coincide with semi-diurnal tide dynamics only. Therefore, the
interpretation of yoyo CTD data with respect to bottom waters and tidal resolution
is questionable although previous studies have shown that repeated CTD casts yield
valuable information regarding tidal movements if one considers the complete
water column. Although the ‘hit and run’ technique of the yoyo approach is
significantly improved by lander data, they are limited since they portray only the
dynamics of one spot over time. To better understand the dynamics within a volume
of water mass, a minimum of three landers including moorings are necessary to
obtain a solid 4D information.
Acknowledgements Sip time and financial support was provided by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft and FP7 EU project HERMIONE. We thank the captain Michael
Schneider and his excellent and most efficient crew of the METEOR cruise 84/5. We would like
to thank our technicians, namely Asmus Petersen and Thorsten Schott, and ship-board scientific
party of this cruise. We further thank our colleagues Olaf Pfannkuche, Peter Linke, Joachim
Sch€ onfeld, Thomas Kumbier for their valuable discussions in designing and constructing the minilander. Katriina Juva supported us with the T_Tide analysis, which is greatfully acknowledged.
We are indebted to the A. P. Laudenbacher Foundation in La Punt Chamues-ch for providing an
excellent atmosphere for a working and research retreat.
References
A ´ lvarez-Marro ´n J, Pulgar JA, Da~ nobeitia JJ, Pe ´rez Estau ´n A, GallA ´ stegui J, Martı ´nez CatalA ´ n JR,
Banda E, Comas MC, Co ´rdoba D (1995) Results from the ESCI-N4 marine deep seismic
profile in the northern Iberian Margin. Rev Soc Geol Esp 8:355–364
Alvarez-Marro ´n J, Rubio E, Torne M (1997) Subduction-related structures of North Iberian
Margin. J Geophys Res 102:22245–22511
Boillot G, Capdevila R (1977) The Pyrenees: subduction and collision? Earth Planet Sci Lett
35:151–160
Boillot G, Dupeuble PA, Malod J (1979) Subduction and tectonics on the continental- margin off
northern Spain. Mar Geol 32:53–70
Correa TBS, Eberli GP, Grasmueck M, Reed JK, Correa AMS (2012) Genesis and morphology of
cold-water coral ridges in a unidirectional current regime. Mar Geol 326–328:14–27
Cremer (1981) Distribution des turbidites sur l’e ´ventail subaquatique du Canyon du Cap-Ferret.
Bulletin De L’institut De Ge ´ologie Du Bassin d’Aquitaine 30:51–69
De Mol L, Van Rooij D, Pirlet H, Greinert J, Frank N, Quemmerais F, Henriet JP (2011) Coldwater coral habitats in the Penmarc’h and Guilvinec Canyons (Bay of Biscay): deep-water
versus shallow-water settings. Mar Geol 282:40–52
Dere ´gnaucourt D, Boillot G (1982) Structure ge ´ologique du golfe de Gascogne. Bulletin du
BRGM 2(3):149–178
Dickson RR, Gould WJ, Müller TJ, Maillard C (1985) Estimates of the mean circulation in the
deep (>2000m) layer of the Eastern North Atlantic. Prog Oceanogr 14:103–127
Dons C (1932) Zoologiske Notiser XV. Om Nord-Norges korallsamfund. Det Kongelige Norske
Videnskabers Selskab Forhandlingar 5(4):13–16
Dullo WC, Fl€ ogel S, Rüggeberg A (2008) Cold-water coral growth in relation to the hydrography
of the Celtic and Nordic European continental margin. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 371:165–176
196
W.-C. Dullo et al.
respectively do not coincide with semi-diurnal tide dynamics only. Therefore, the
interpretation of yoyo CTD data with respect to bottom waters and tidal resolution
is questionable although previous studies have shown that repeated CTD casts yield
valuable information regarding tidal movements if one considers the complete
water column. Although the ‘hit and run’ technique of the yoyo approach is
significantly improved by lander data, they are limited since they portray only the
dynamics of one spot over time. To better understand the dynamics within a volume
of water mass, a minimum of three landers including moorings are necessary to
obtain a solid 4D information.
Acknowledgements Sip time and financial support was provided by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft and FP7 EU project HERMIONE. We thank the captain Michael
Schneider and his excellent and most efficient crew of the METEOR cruise 84/5. We would like
to thank our technicians, namely Asmus Petersen and Thorsten Schott, and ship-board scientific
party of this cruise. We further thank our colleagues Olaf Pfannkuche, Peter Linke, Joachim
Sch€ onfeld, Thomas Kumbier for their valuable discussions in designing and constructing the minilander. Katriina Juva supported us with the T_Tide analysis, which is greatfully acknowledged.
We are indebted to the A. P. Laudenbacher Foundation in La Punt Chamues-ch for providing an
excellent atmosphere for a working and research retreat.
References
A ´ lvarez-Marro ´n J, Pulgar JA, Da~ nobeitia JJ, Pe ´rez Estau ´n A, GallA ´ stegui J, Martı ´nez CatalA ´ n JR,
Banda E, Comas MC, Co ´rdoba D (1995) Results from the ESCI-N4 marine deep seismic
profile in the northern Iberian Margin. Rev Soc Geol Esp 8:355–364
Alvarez-Marro ´n J, Rubio E, Torne M (1997) Subduction-related structures of North Iberian
Margin. J Geophys Res 102:22245–22511
Boillot G, Capdevila R (1977) The Pyrenees: subduction and collision? Earth Planet Sci Lett
35:151–160
Boillot G, Dupeuble PA, Malod J (1979) Subduction and tectonics on the continental- margin off
northern Spain. Mar Geol 32:53–70
Correa TBS, Eberli GP, Grasmueck M, Reed JK, Correa AMS (2012) Genesis and morphology of
cold-water coral ridges in a unidirectional current regime. Mar Geol 326–328:14–27
Cremer (1981) Distribution des turbidites sur l’e ´ventail subaquatique du Canyon du Cap-Ferret.
Bulletin De L’institut De Ge ´ologie Du Bassin d’Aquitaine 30:51–69
De Mol L, Van Rooij D, Pirlet H, Greinert J, Frank N, Quemmerais F, Henriet JP (2011) Coldwater coral habitats in the Penmarc’h and Guilvinec Canyons (Bay of Biscay): deep-water
versus shallow-water settings. Mar Geol 282:40–52
Dere ´gnaucourt D, Boillot G (1982) Structure ge ´ologique du golfe de Gascogne. Bulletin du
BRGM 2(3):149–178
Dickson RR, Gould WJ, Müller TJ, Maillard C (1985) Estimates of the mean circulation in the
deep (>2000m) layer of the Eastern North Atlantic. Prog Oceanogr 14:103–127
Dons C (1932) Zoologiske Notiser XV. Om Nord-Norges korallsamfund. Det Kongelige Norske
Videnskabers Selskab Forhandlingar 5(4):13–16
Dullo WC, Fl€ ogel S, Rüggeberg A (2008) Cold-water coral growth in relation to the hydrography
of the Celtic and Nordic European continental margin. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 371:165–176
196
W.-C. Dullo et al.