36
3 Status: Basics of ICZM
(e) Promote the development and application of methods, such as national resource and environmental accounting, that reflect changes in value resulting from uses of coastal and marine
areas, including pollution, marine erosion, loss of resources and habitat destruction;
(f) Provide access, as far as possible, for concerned individuals, groups and organizations to
relevant information and opportunities and participation in planning and decision-making
at appropriate levels.
Starting in 1990 the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
initiated a 3-year study on the management of coastal zones in their member countries;
the results were summarized in the report Coastal Zone Management. Integrated policies
wherein the term of ICZM is defined as follows (OECD, 1993, p. 25):
Integrated coastal zone management is most simply understood as management of the coastal
zone as a whole in relation to local, regional, national and international goals. It implies a
particular focus on the interactions between the various activities and resource demands that
occur within the coastal zone and between coastal zone activities and activities in other regions. In practical terms this might mean the integration of environmental protection goals
into economic and technical decision-making processes, the management of the impacts agricultural run-offs is having on coastal zone water pollution control policies within different
parts of the particular coastal zone, or (most probably in practice) all of these and more
simultaneously.
Shortly after the UN Earth Summit in 1992, the World Coast Conference was held in The
Netherlands in 1993. Here, the term of ICZM was defined as (IPCC, 1994, p. 25):
Integrated coastal zone management involves the comprehensive assessment, setting of objectives, planning and management of coastal systems and resources, taking into account
traditional, cultural and historical perspectives and conflicting interests and uses; it is a
continuous and evolutionary process for achieving sustainable development.
In 1996 the Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental
Protection (GESAMP) consisting of representatives of different international organizations such as UN, UNEP and FAO and others published a report on The contributions of
science to integrated coastal management based on several case studies (GESAMP, 1996).
Therein, the term Integrated Coastal Management is defined as:
Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) is a process that unites government and the community,
science and management, sectoral and public interests in preparing and implementing and integrated plan for the protection and development of coastal ecosystems and resources. The
overall goal of ICM is to improve the quality of life of human communities who depend
on coastal resources while maintaining the biological diversity and productivity of coastal
ecosystems.
Also in 1996 the World Bank published guidelines as a “conceptual presentation of how
Integrated Coastal Zone Management may be applied to contribute to the evolving practice
3 Status: Basics of ICZM
(e) Promote the development and application of methods, such as national resource and environmental accounting, that reflect changes in value resulting from uses of coastal and marine
areas, including pollution, marine erosion, loss of resources and habitat destruction;
(f) Provide access, as far as possible, for concerned individuals, groups and organizations to
relevant information and opportunities and participation in planning and decision-making
at appropriate levels.
Starting in 1990 the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
initiated a 3-year study on the management of coastal zones in their member countries;
the results were summarized in the report Coastal Zone Management. Integrated policies
wherein the term of ICZM is defined as follows (OECD, 1993, p. 25):
Integrated coastal zone management is most simply understood as management of the coastal
zone as a whole in relation to local, regional, national and international goals. It implies a
particular focus on the interactions between the various activities and resource demands that
occur within the coastal zone and between coastal zone activities and activities in other regions. In practical terms this might mean the integration of environmental protection goals
into economic and technical decision-making processes, the management of the impacts agricultural run-offs is having on coastal zone water pollution control policies within different
parts of the particular coastal zone, or (most probably in practice) all of these and more
simultaneously.
Shortly after the UN Earth Summit in 1992, the World Coast Conference was held in The
Netherlands in 1993. Here, the term of ICZM was defined as (IPCC, 1994, p. 25):
Integrated coastal zone management involves the comprehensive assessment, setting of objectives, planning and management of coastal systems and resources, taking into account
traditional, cultural and historical perspectives and conflicting interests and uses; it is a
continuous and evolutionary process for achieving sustainable development.
In 1996 the Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental
Protection (GESAMP) consisting of representatives of different international organizations such as UN, UNEP and FAO and others published a report on The contributions of
science to integrated coastal management based on several case studies (GESAMP, 1996).
Therein, the term Integrated Coastal Management is defined as:
Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) is a process that unites government and the community,
science and management, sectoral and public interests in preparing and implementing and integrated plan for the protection and development of coastal ecosystems and resources. The
overall goal of ICM is to improve the quality of life of human communities who depend
on coastal resources while maintaining the biological diversity and productivity of coastal
ecosystems.
Also in 1996 the World Bank published guidelines as a “conceptual presentation of how
Integrated Coastal Zone Management may be applied to contribute to the evolving practice