2.4 ICZM in Selected Member States of the EU
27
view on how to safeguard and develop a safe coast, especially in the upcoming light of
an integrated management, got broader – see MVenW (1990); TAW (1998); RIKZ (1999);
TAW (2000) and Vergouwe (2015).
Since 1990 a set of policies and regulations were developed for the coastal zone in The
Netherlands starting with the first policy on coastal areas (Eerste Kustnota) which aimed
to achieve a “sustainable flood protection and preservation of functions in the dune areas”
(RIKZ, 2005, p. 13) and ending in 2005 with the policy on coastal areas included in the
National Spatial Strategy. An important statement which already reflected on the ICZM
principles is that reviewing many coastal projects it was striven to solve (urgent) problems in an integrated way taking into account some of the ICZM principles. But none of
“the sample projects addressed all of the sectors specified in the ICZM recommendations”
(RIKZ, 2005, p. 14).
The third part of the document compiled the important national policies and the general
principles for an integrated management of the Dutch coastal zone. The relevant “building
blocks” were (RIKZ, 2005, p. 15):
• “the National Spatial Strategy which establishes a national strategy for integrated
spatial planning policies in general
• the Third Policy Document on Coastal Areas which provides an integrated framework
for coastal zone management and policies on coastal areas.”
The implementation of the spatial policy should be achieved by the basic principle of decentralize wherever possible, centralize only where necessary. That means that the national
government was providing frameworks and guidelines and, thus, the implementation was
the task of regional and local governments.
Finally, the document provided some examples of how an integrated approach could
be achieved. For example, by sediment-based measures for the sandy coast or by comprehensive stakeholder involvement on different levels in decision-making processes. A
suggestion to establish a special institution or organization for integrated coastal zone
management in The Netherlands was not specified.
Until 2007 the National Institute for Coastal and Marine Management was responsible for the compilation and preparation of information on (i) sustainable use of estuaries,
coasts and lakes and (ii) knowledge for flood risk management. Subsequently, in 2007 the
National Institute was dissolved and parts joined the Rijkswaterstaat and other parts were
merged with a new institute called Deltares.
Reporting Period 2006–2010
The Netherlands published a progress report on ICZM in 2010 where first of all the new arrangements according to the national governmental bodies were clarified. Ministries were
merged and the responsible ministry is now the Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment where Rijkswaterstaat with the Center of Water Management took over the tasks
from the former National Institute for Coastal and Marine Management.
27
view on how to safeguard and develop a safe coast, especially in the upcoming light of
an integrated management, got broader – see MVenW (1990); TAW (1998); RIKZ (1999);
TAW (2000) and Vergouwe (2015).
Since 1990 a set of policies and regulations were developed for the coastal zone in The
Netherlands starting with the first policy on coastal areas (Eerste Kustnota) which aimed
to achieve a “sustainable flood protection and preservation of functions in the dune areas”
(RIKZ, 2005, p. 13) and ending in 2005 with the policy on coastal areas included in the
National Spatial Strategy. An important statement which already reflected on the ICZM
principles is that reviewing many coastal projects it was striven to solve (urgent) problems in an integrated way taking into account some of the ICZM principles. But none of
“the sample projects addressed all of the sectors specified in the ICZM recommendations”
(RIKZ, 2005, p. 14).
The third part of the document compiled the important national policies and the general
principles for an integrated management of the Dutch coastal zone. The relevant “building
blocks” were (RIKZ, 2005, p. 15):
• “the National Spatial Strategy which establishes a national strategy for integrated
spatial planning policies in general
• the Third Policy Document on Coastal Areas which provides an integrated framework
for coastal zone management and policies on coastal areas.”
The implementation of the spatial policy should be achieved by the basic principle of decentralize wherever possible, centralize only where necessary. That means that the national
government was providing frameworks and guidelines and, thus, the implementation was
the task of regional and local governments.
Finally, the document provided some examples of how an integrated approach could
be achieved. For example, by sediment-based measures for the sandy coast or by comprehensive stakeholder involvement on different levels in decision-making processes. A
suggestion to establish a special institution or organization for integrated coastal zone
management in The Netherlands was not specified.
Until 2007 the National Institute for Coastal and Marine Management was responsible for the compilation and preparation of information on (i) sustainable use of estuaries,
coasts and lakes and (ii) knowledge for flood risk management. Subsequently, in 2007 the
National Institute was dissolved and parts joined the Rijkswaterstaat and other parts were
merged with a new institute called Deltares.
Reporting Period 2006–2010
The Netherlands published a progress report on ICZM in 2010 where first of all the new arrangements according to the national governmental bodies were clarified. Ministries were
merged and the responsible ministry is now the Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment where Rijkswaterstaat with the Center of Water Management took over the tasks
from the former National Institute for Coastal and Marine Management.