322
Exercise 24
Table 24.2. Data for discharge, and concentrations of nitrate and sodium during a 24-hr
period in the stream ecosystem described in Fig. 24.1"
Time
(h)
0000
0300
0600
0900
1200
1500
1800
2100
2400
0100
0400
0700
1000
1300
1600
1900
2200
0100
Discharge
(I/sec)
0.120
0.118
0.125
0.130
0.120
0.110
0.108
0.103
0.099
0.121
0.118
0.126
0.130
0.121
0.111
0.108
0.104
0.100
Station I
140
150
155
154
151
145
140
142
138
Station II
138
145
153
151
150
142
135
136
135
Na+
(mg/ll
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.1
"The mean depth at Station I (upstream) and Station II (downstream) was 1.3 m. The time of flow between
these stations was 1 h.
6. Underwater thermometer.
7. Electronic digitizer or planimeter.
References
Burton, T.M. and G.E. Likens. 1973. The effect of strip-cutting on stream temperatures in the
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. BioScience 23(7):433-435.
Eaton, 1.S., G.E. Likens, and F.H. Bormann. 1969. Use of membrane filters in gravimetric
analyses of particulate matter in natural waters. Wat. Resour. Res. 5(5): 1151-1156.
Fisher, S.G. and G.E. Likens. 1973. Energy flow in Bear Brook, New Hampshire: An integrative
approach to stream ecosystem metabolism. Ecol. Monogr. 43(4): 421-439.
Gallegos, c.L., G.M. Hornberger, and M.G. Kelly. 1977. A model of river benthic algal
photosynthesis in response to rapid changes in light. Limnol. Oceanogr. 22: 226-233.
Hall, C.A.S. 1972. Migration and metabolism in a temperate stream ecosystem. Ecology 53:
585-604.
Hall, C.A.S. and R. Moll. 1975. Methods of assessing aquatic primary productivity. pp. 19-53. In:
H. Lieth and R.H. Whittaker, Editors. Primary Productivity of the Biosphere. SpringerVerlag, New York.
Kelly, M.G., G.M. Hornberger, and B.l. Cosby. 1974. Continuous automated measurement of
rates of photosynthesis and respiration in an undisturbed river community. Limnol.
Oceanogr.19:305-312.
Likens, G.E., F.H. Bormann, R.S. Pierce, 1.S. Eaton, and N.M. 10hnson. 1977. Biogeochemistry
of a Forested Ecosystem. Springer-Verlag, New York. 146 pp.
Exercise 24
Table 24.2. Data for discharge, and concentrations of nitrate and sodium during a 24-hr
period in the stream ecosystem described in Fig. 24.1"
Time
(h)
0000
0300
0600
0900
1200
1500
1800
2100
2400
0100
0400
0700
1000
1300
1600
1900
2200
0100
Discharge
(I/sec)
0.120
0.118
0.125
0.130
0.120
0.110
0.108
0.103
0.099
0.121
0.118
0.126
0.130
0.121
0.111
0.108
0.104
0.100
Station I
140
150
155
154
151
145
140
142
138
Station II
138
145
153
151
150
142
135
136
135
Na+
(mg/ll
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.1
"The mean depth at Station I (upstream) and Station II (downstream) was 1.3 m. The time of flow between
these stations was 1 h.
6. Underwater thermometer.
7. Electronic digitizer or planimeter.
References
Burton, T.M. and G.E. Likens. 1973. The effect of strip-cutting on stream temperatures in the
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. BioScience 23(7):433-435.
Eaton, 1.S., G.E. Likens, and F.H. Bormann. 1969. Use of membrane filters in gravimetric
analyses of particulate matter in natural waters. Wat. Resour. Res. 5(5): 1151-1156.
Fisher, S.G. and G.E. Likens. 1973. Energy flow in Bear Brook, New Hampshire: An integrative
approach to stream ecosystem metabolism. Ecol. Monogr. 43(4): 421-439.
Gallegos, c.L., G.M. Hornberger, and M.G. Kelly. 1977. A model of river benthic algal
photosynthesis in response to rapid changes in light. Limnol. Oceanogr. 22: 226-233.
Hall, C.A.S. 1972. Migration and metabolism in a temperate stream ecosystem. Ecology 53:
585-604.
Hall, C.A.S. and R. Moll. 1975. Methods of assessing aquatic primary productivity. pp. 19-53. In:
H. Lieth and R.H. Whittaker, Editors. Primary Productivity of the Biosphere. SpringerVerlag, New York.
Kelly, M.G., G.M. Hornberger, and B.l. Cosby. 1974. Continuous automated measurement of
rates of photosynthesis and respiration in an undisturbed river community. Limnol.
Oceanogr.19:305-312.
Likens, G.E., F.H. Bormann, R.S. Pierce, 1.S. Eaton, and N.M. 10hnson. 1977. Biogeochemistry
of a Forested Ecosystem. Springer-Verlag, New York. 146 pp.