104
Exercise 7
antimonyl-tartrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, isobutanol, absolute methanol. and
potassium persulfate.
c. Volumetric pipets, graduated cylinders (10 and 25 ml), separatory funnels (250 ml), and
borosilicate flasks.
d. Spectrophotometer (1-, 4- or 5-, and IO-cm cells).
e. Water bath capable of boiling, or autoclave.
4. Dissolved silica:
a. Nonglass microfilters, 0.5-llm pore size.
b. 25- or 50-ml Erlenmeyer flasks; pipets.
c. Reagents: hydrochloric acid (O.25N), ammonium paramolybdate, disodium EDT A,
sodium sulfite, and sodium silicate pentahydrate.
d. Spectrophotometer, l-cm cells.
5. Specific conductance:
a. Conductance bridge and meter (e.g., Yellow Springs Instrument Co., Model 31, Yellow
Springs, Ohilo).
b. Water bath for 25'C (e.g., Fig. 7.3) for temperature measurement apparatus.
c. Potassium chloride for standard solutions.
6. Total "dissolved" residues:
a. Evaporating dishes, porcelain, 150- to 200-ml capacity.
b. Filtration apparatus, glass fiber filters.
c. Drying oven.
d. Analytical balance.
References
American Public Health Association et al. 1989. Standard Methods for the Examination of
Water and Wastewater. 17th Ed. American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C.
1550 pp.
Armstrong, F.A.J. and S. Tibbitts. 1968. Photochemical combustion of organic matter in
seawater for nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon determination. 1. Mar. BioI. Assoc. U.K.
48:143-152.
Beaty, R.D. 1978. Concepts, Instrumentation and Techniques in Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Perkin-Elmer Corp., Norwalk, CT
Burton, J.D., TM. Leatherland, and P.S. Liss. 1970. The reactivity of dissolved silicon in some
natural waters. Limnol. Oceanogr. 15 :463-476.
Butler, J.N. 1964. Ionic Equilibrium. A "Mathematical Approach. Addison-Wesley, Reading,
Mass. 547 pp.
Carlson, R.M. and D.R. Keeney. 1971. Specific ion electrodes: Techniques and uses in soil, plant,
and water analysis. pp. 39-65. In: L.M. Walsh, Editor. Instrumental Methods for Analysis of
Soils and Plant Tissue. Soil Sci. Soc. America, Madison, Wis.
Durst, R.A. (ed). 1969. Ion selective electrodes. Spec. Publ. National Bureau Standards,
Washington, D.C. 314. 452pp.
Gallon, 1.R., W.G.W. Kurz, and TA. LaRue. 1975. The physiology of nitrogen fixation by a
Gloeocapsa sp. pp. 159-173. In: W.D.P. Stewart, Editor. Nitrogen Fixation by Free-living
Micro-organisms. Academic, New York.
Galloway, J.N., 1. Cosby, and G.E. Likens. 1979. Acid precipitation: The measurement of pH and
acidity in acid precipitation. Limnol. Oceanogr. 24: 1161-1165.
Garrels, R.M. and c.L. Christ. 1965. Solution, Minerals, and Equilibria. Harper and Row, New
York. 450 pp.
Gjerde, D.T and J.S. Fritz. 1987. Ion Chromatography. 2nd Ed. Dr. Alfred H uthig Verlag,
Berlin.
Golterman, H.L. and R.S. Clymo (ed). 1969. Methods for Chemical Analyses of Fresh Waters.
IBP Handbook No.8. Blackwell, Oxford. 172 pp.
Hardy, R.W.F., R.C. Burns, and R.D. Holsten. 1973. Applications of the acetylene-ethylene assay
for measurement of nitrogen fixation. Soil BioI. Biochem. 5 :47-81.
Exercise 7
antimonyl-tartrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, isobutanol, absolute methanol. and
potassium persulfate.
c. Volumetric pipets, graduated cylinders (10 and 25 ml), separatory funnels (250 ml), and
borosilicate flasks.
d. Spectrophotometer (1-, 4- or 5-, and IO-cm cells).
e. Water bath capable of boiling, or autoclave.
4. Dissolved silica:
a. Nonglass microfilters, 0.5-llm pore size.
b. 25- or 50-ml Erlenmeyer flasks; pipets.
c. Reagents: hydrochloric acid (O.25N), ammonium paramolybdate, disodium EDT A,
sodium sulfite, and sodium silicate pentahydrate.
d. Spectrophotometer, l-cm cells.
5. Specific conductance:
a. Conductance bridge and meter (e.g., Yellow Springs Instrument Co., Model 31, Yellow
Springs, Ohilo).
b. Water bath for 25'C (e.g., Fig. 7.3) for temperature measurement apparatus.
c. Potassium chloride for standard solutions.
6. Total "dissolved" residues:
a. Evaporating dishes, porcelain, 150- to 200-ml capacity.
b. Filtration apparatus, glass fiber filters.
c. Drying oven.
d. Analytical balance.
References
American Public Health Association et al. 1989. Standard Methods for the Examination of
Water and Wastewater. 17th Ed. American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C.
1550 pp.
Armstrong, F.A.J. and S. Tibbitts. 1968. Photochemical combustion of organic matter in
seawater for nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon determination. 1. Mar. BioI. Assoc. U.K.
48:143-152.
Beaty, R.D. 1978. Concepts, Instrumentation and Techniques in Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Perkin-Elmer Corp., Norwalk, CT
Burton, J.D., TM. Leatherland, and P.S. Liss. 1970. The reactivity of dissolved silicon in some
natural waters. Limnol. Oceanogr. 15 :463-476.
Butler, J.N. 1964. Ionic Equilibrium. A "Mathematical Approach. Addison-Wesley, Reading,
Mass. 547 pp.
Carlson, R.M. and D.R. Keeney. 1971. Specific ion electrodes: Techniques and uses in soil, plant,
and water analysis. pp. 39-65. In: L.M. Walsh, Editor. Instrumental Methods for Analysis of
Soils and Plant Tissue. Soil Sci. Soc. America, Madison, Wis.
Durst, R.A. (ed). 1969. Ion selective electrodes. Spec. Publ. National Bureau Standards,
Washington, D.C. 314. 452pp.
Gallon, 1.R., W.G.W. Kurz, and TA. LaRue. 1975. The physiology of nitrogen fixation by a
Gloeocapsa sp. pp. 159-173. In: W.D.P. Stewart, Editor. Nitrogen Fixation by Free-living
Micro-organisms. Academic, New York.
Galloway, J.N., 1. Cosby, and G.E. Likens. 1979. Acid precipitation: The measurement of pH and
acidity in acid precipitation. Limnol. Oceanogr. 24: 1161-1165.
Garrels, R.M. and c.L. Christ. 1965. Solution, Minerals, and Equilibria. Harper and Row, New
York. 450 pp.
Gjerde, D.T and J.S. Fritz. 1987. Ion Chromatography. 2nd Ed. Dr. Alfred H uthig Verlag,
Berlin.
Golterman, H.L. and R.S. Clymo (ed). 1969. Methods for Chemical Analyses of Fresh Waters.
IBP Handbook No.8. Blackwell, Oxford. 172 pp.
Hardy, R.W.F., R.C. Burns, and R.D. Holsten. 1973. Applications of the acetylene-ethylene assay
for measurement of nitrogen fixation. Soil BioI. Biochem. 5 :47-81.