6 Precipitation
129
is anticipated that it will not be too long before such a system flies in a polar orbit
providing global coverage.
References
Adler, R.F., Yeh, H.-Y.M., Prasad, N., Tao, W.-K and Simpson, J. (1991). Microwave simulations
ofa tropical rainfall system with a three-dimensional cloud model. J. App. Met., 30, 924-953
Andrieu, H. and Creutin, J.D. (1995). Identification of vertical profiles of radar reflectivity for
hydrological applications using an inverse method. Part I: Formulations. J. App. Met, 34, 225-239
Andrieu, H., Delrieu, G. and Creutin, J.D. (1995). Identification of vertical profiles of radar reflectivity
for hydrological applications using an inverse method. Part II: Sensitivity analysis and case study.
J. App. Met, 34, 240-259
Arkin, P.A. (1979). The relationship between fractional coverage of high cloud and rainfall accumulations during GATE over the B-scale array. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 1382-1387
Arkin, P.A. and Meisner, B.N. (1987). The relationship between large-scale convective rainfall and
cold cloud over the western hemisphere during 1982-84. Mon. Wea. Rev. 115, 51-74
Arking, A. and Childs, 1.D. (1985). Retrieval of cloud cover parameters from multispectral satellite
images. J. Climate App. Met. 24, 322-333
Atlas, D., Rosenfeld, D. and Short, D.A. (1990). The estimation of convective rainfall by area
integrals, Part I: The theoretical and empirical basis. J. Geophys. Res., 95, No 03, 2153-2160.
Austin, P.M. (1987). Relation between measured radar reflectivity and surface rainfall. Mon. Wea.
Rev. 115, No.5, 1053-1070
Barrett, E.e., D'Sousa, G. and Power, C.H. (J 986). Bristol techniques for the use of satellite data in
rain cloud and rainfall monitoring. J. Br. Interplanet Soc., 39, 517-526
Batton, LJ. (1973). Radar Observations of the Atmosphere, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
324 pp.
Blanchard, D.C. (1953). Raindrop size distribuiion in Hawaiian rains. J. Met, 10,457-473
Boucher, R.J. (1981). Snowfall rates obtained from radar reflectivity within a 50km range, Tech. Rep.
No. AFGL-TR-81-0265 (met. Div. Project 6670), U.S. Air Force Geophys,.Lab., 25 pp.
Browning, K.A. (1983). Air motion and precipitation growth in a major snowstorm. Quart J.R. Met.
Soc., 109, 225-242
Browning, K.A. and Collier, C.G. (1989). Nowcasting of precipitating systems. Rev. o/Geophysics.,
27, No.3, 345-370
Calheiros, R.V. and Zawadzki, 1.1. 91987). Reflectivity-rain rate relationships for radar hydrology in
Brazil. J. App. Met. 26, 118-132
Cheng, M., Brown, R. and Collier, e.G. (1993). Delineation of rain areas using Meteosat IR-VIS data
in the region of the United Kingdom. J. App. Met, 32, 884-898
Chiu, L.S. and Kedem, B. (1990). Estimating the exceedance probability of rain rate by logistic
regression. J. Geophys. Res., 95, D3, 2217-2227
Collier, C.G. (1986a) Accuracy of rainfall estimates by radar. Part I: Calibration by telemetering
raingauges. J. Hydrology, 83, 207-223
Collier, C.G. (1986b) Accuracy of rainfall estimates by radar. Part II: comparison with raingauge
network. J. Hydrology, 83, 225-235
Collier, C.G. (1993). The application of a continental-scale radar database to hydrological process
parametrization within Atmopsheric General Circulation Models. J. Hydrology, 142, 301-318
CoIlier, C.G. (1996a) Weather radar precipitation data and their use in hydrological modelling. Chapter
8 in Distributed Hydrological Modelling, editor J.e. Refsgaard, publ. Kluwer, 143-163
Collier, C.G. (1996b) Applications of Weather Radar Systems. A guide to uses of radar data in
meteorology and hydrology, 2nd Edition, Praxis Publishing Ltd, Chichester and John Wiley, London, 39Opp.
Collier, e.G. and Larke, P.R. (1978). A case study of the measurement of snowfall by radar: an
assessment of accuracy. Quart J.R. Met. Soc., 104, 615-621
129
is anticipated that it will not be too long before such a system flies in a polar orbit
providing global coverage.
References
Adler, R.F., Yeh, H.-Y.M., Prasad, N., Tao, W.-K and Simpson, J. (1991). Microwave simulations
ofa tropical rainfall system with a three-dimensional cloud model. J. App. Met., 30, 924-953
Andrieu, H. and Creutin, J.D. (1995). Identification of vertical profiles of radar reflectivity for
hydrological applications using an inverse method. Part I: Formulations. J. App. Met, 34, 225-239
Andrieu, H., Delrieu, G. and Creutin, J.D. (1995). Identification of vertical profiles of radar reflectivity
for hydrological applications using an inverse method. Part II: Sensitivity analysis and case study.
J. App. Met, 34, 240-259
Arkin, P.A. (1979). The relationship between fractional coverage of high cloud and rainfall accumulations during GATE over the B-scale array. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 1382-1387
Arkin, P.A. and Meisner, B.N. (1987). The relationship between large-scale convective rainfall and
cold cloud over the western hemisphere during 1982-84. Mon. Wea. Rev. 115, 51-74
Arking, A. and Childs, 1.D. (1985). Retrieval of cloud cover parameters from multispectral satellite
images. J. Climate App. Met. 24, 322-333
Atlas, D., Rosenfeld, D. and Short, D.A. (1990). The estimation of convective rainfall by area
integrals, Part I: The theoretical and empirical basis. J. Geophys. Res., 95, No 03, 2153-2160.
Austin, P.M. (1987). Relation between measured radar reflectivity and surface rainfall. Mon. Wea.
Rev. 115, No.5, 1053-1070
Barrett, E.e., D'Sousa, G. and Power, C.H. (J 986). Bristol techniques for the use of satellite data in
rain cloud and rainfall monitoring. J. Br. Interplanet Soc., 39, 517-526
Batton, LJ. (1973). Radar Observations of the Atmosphere, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
324 pp.
Blanchard, D.C. (1953). Raindrop size distribuiion in Hawaiian rains. J. Met, 10,457-473
Boucher, R.J. (1981). Snowfall rates obtained from radar reflectivity within a 50km range, Tech. Rep.
No. AFGL-TR-81-0265 (met. Div. Project 6670), U.S. Air Force Geophys,.Lab., 25 pp.
Browning, K.A. (1983). Air motion and precipitation growth in a major snowstorm. Quart J.R. Met.
Soc., 109, 225-242
Browning, K.A. and Collier, C.G. (1989). Nowcasting of precipitating systems. Rev. o/Geophysics.,
27, No.3, 345-370
Calheiros, R.V. and Zawadzki, 1.1. 91987). Reflectivity-rain rate relationships for radar hydrology in
Brazil. J. App. Met. 26, 118-132
Cheng, M., Brown, R. and Collier, e.G. (1993). Delineation of rain areas using Meteosat IR-VIS data
in the region of the United Kingdom. J. App. Met, 32, 884-898
Chiu, L.S. and Kedem, B. (1990). Estimating the exceedance probability of rain rate by logistic
regression. J. Geophys. Res., 95, D3, 2217-2227
Collier, C.G. (1986a) Accuracy of rainfall estimates by radar. Part I: Calibration by telemetering
raingauges. J. Hydrology, 83, 207-223
Collier, C.G. (1986b) Accuracy of rainfall estimates by radar. Part II: comparison with raingauge
network. J. Hydrology, 83, 225-235
Collier, C.G. (1993). The application of a continental-scale radar database to hydrological process
parametrization within Atmopsheric General Circulation Models. J. Hydrology, 142, 301-318
CoIlier, C.G. (1996a) Weather radar precipitation data and their use in hydrological modelling. Chapter
8 in Distributed Hydrological Modelling, editor J.e. Refsgaard, publ. Kluwer, 143-163
Collier, C.G. (1996b) Applications of Weather Radar Systems. A guide to uses of radar data in
meteorology and hydrology, 2nd Edition, Praxis Publishing Ltd, Chichester and John Wiley, London, 39Opp.
Collier, e.G. and Larke, P.R. (1978). A case study of the measurement of snowfall by radar: an
assessment of accuracy. Quart J.R. Met. Soc., 104, 615-621