68 George L. Mellor, Sirpa M. Hăkkinen, Tai Ezer and Richard C. Patchen
B
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
LONGITlJDE
o
65r-r-r-r-r-r-r-r-~~
60
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
LONGlTUDE
LONGITUDE:
Fig.4.6 Same as Fig. 4.3, but for the low viscosity case with AM =10 3 m 2 s -1 .
4.7 Errors
The source of sigma coordinate pressure gradient error is easily identified
(Haney, 1991) although the error itse1f has not been fully understood until recently
(Mellor et al. 1994, 1998). It is known that the error can be greatly reduced by sub-
B
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
LONGITlJDE
o
65r-r-r-r-r-r-r-r-~~
60
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
LONGlTUDE
LONGITUDE:
Fig.4.6 Same as Fig. 4.3, but for the low viscosity case with AM =10 3 m 2 s -1 .
4.7 Errors
The source of sigma coordinate pressure gradient error is easily identified
(Haney, 1991) although the error itse1f has not been fully understood until recently
(Mellor et al. 1994, 1998). It is known that the error can be greatly reduced by sub-