452
information flow 277, 296
integral conditions
boundary layer 61
potential vorticity 124
vorticity 57, 70, 72
internal mode 78
isopycnal bowl
continuous q.g. model 154
layer model, q.g. 138
isopycnal surfaces 157
Kelvin waves 419, 429, 436, 441
meso-scale eddies 15, 161, 270
mixed layer 164, 233, 253
momentum equation 5, 179
Montgomery function 248
non-adiabatic motion 278, 292, 351
numerical experiments
equatorial 368
q.g. 159
thermocline 270
outcropping 176, 192, 205
equatorial flow 358
seasonal variation 264
subpolar 218
tilted 231
pinch-off 312
pool
with buoyancy forcing 311
constant potential vorticity 133
with ventilation 141
potential vorticity
constraints on abyssal flow 395
density coordinates 249
determination by subduction 193
diffusion 130, 273
equatorial 332, 343
flux 181
gradient 107, 144, 231
homogenization 130, 131, 135
mixed layer 243
observations 163, 205
as passive scalar 134
planetary 163, 183
pool region 128, 133, 139
quasi-geostrophic 105
sources 158, 197
Prandtl-Batchelor Theorem 132, 158
Subject Index
quasi-geostrophy
circulation problem 113
model 95, 97, 137, 152, 434
potential vorticity equation 105
vorticity equation 103
recirculation
abyssal 393, 415
baroclinic 114, 119
inertial, barotropic 39, 54, 56, 67, 73, 82
reduced gravity 93, 336
Reynolds number 33
Rhines
arrest scale 80
ratio 235, 262
ridges 409
flow through 410
ridge systems 411
Ross by
arrest velocity 111, 113, 123, 222
baroclinic modes 112, 222
number 5, 97, 321, 389
repeller 283
wave 75-79, 107, 108, 122, 138, 222, 284,
429, 440
seasonality 262
semi-geostrophy 340
shadow zone 194, 255
boundary 196-197, 208, 212
buoyancy forcing 310, 313, 317
equatorial region 355
and mixed layer 237
similarity solutions 175
source-driven flow 389,405
stagnation point 414, 429
Stommel-Arons theory 395, 411, 437, 440
Stommel's demon 264
stratification
continuous q.g. 149
q.g. layer model 97
subduction 191, 213, 220, 240, 256
subpolar gyre 137, 216, 280, 298
Sverdrup theory 4, 25
abyssal circulation 382, 396
balance 9-11, 14, 32, 35, 93, 115, 184, 216,
253, 343, 396, 441
relation 8, 190, 223, 251
transport 10, 13-15, 97, 109, 116, 142, 201
validity 14, 70, 184, 216
thermal
damping 423, 427
information flow 277, 296
integral conditions
boundary layer 61
potential vorticity 124
vorticity 57, 70, 72
internal mode 78
isopycnal bowl
continuous q.g. model 154
layer model, q.g. 138
isopycnal surfaces 157
Kelvin waves 419, 429, 436, 441
meso-scale eddies 15, 161, 270
mixed layer 164, 233, 253
momentum equation 5, 179
Montgomery function 248
non-adiabatic motion 278, 292, 351
numerical experiments
equatorial 368
q.g. 159
thermocline 270
outcropping 176, 192, 205
equatorial flow 358
seasonal variation 264
subpolar 218
tilted 231
pinch-off 312
pool
with buoyancy forcing 311
constant potential vorticity 133
with ventilation 141
potential vorticity
constraints on abyssal flow 395
density coordinates 249
determination by subduction 193
diffusion 130, 273
equatorial 332, 343
flux 181
gradient 107, 144, 231
homogenization 130, 131, 135
mixed layer 243
observations 163, 205
as passive scalar 134
planetary 163, 183
pool region 128, 133, 139
quasi-geostrophic 105
sources 158, 197
Prandtl-Batchelor Theorem 132, 158
Subject Index
quasi-geostrophy
circulation problem 113
model 95, 97, 137, 152, 434
potential vorticity equation 105
vorticity equation 103
recirculation
abyssal 393, 415
baroclinic 114, 119
inertial, barotropic 39, 54, 56, 67, 73, 82
reduced gravity 93, 336
Reynolds number 33
Rhines
arrest scale 80
ratio 235, 262
ridges 409
flow through 410
ridge systems 411
Ross by
arrest velocity 111, 113, 123, 222
baroclinic modes 112, 222
number 5, 97, 321, 389
repeller 283
wave 75-79, 107, 108, 122, 138, 222, 284,
429, 440
seasonality 262
semi-geostrophy 340
shadow zone 194, 255
boundary 196-197, 208, 212
buoyancy forcing 310, 313, 317
equatorial region 355
and mixed layer 237
similarity solutions 175
source-driven flow 389,405
stagnation point 414, 429
Stommel-Arons theory 395, 411, 437, 440
Stommel's demon 264
stratification
continuous q.g. 149
q.g. layer model 97
subduction 191, 213, 220, 240, 256
subpolar gyre 137, 216, 280, 298
Sverdrup theory 4, 25
abyssal circulation 382, 396
balance 9-11, 14, 32, 35, 93, 115, 184, 216,
253, 343, 396, 441
relation 8, 190, 223, 251
transport 10, 13-15, 97, 109, 116, 142, 201
validity 14, 70, 184, 216
thermal
damping 423, 427