376
Equatorial Dynamics of the Thermocline: The Equatorial Undercurrent
References
Bryan, K. and Cox M.D., 1967: A numerical investigation of the oceanic general circulation. Tel/us,
XIX, 54-80.
Bryden, H.L. and Brady E.C., 1985: Diagnostic study of the three-dimensional circulation of the
upper equatorial Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Ocean., 15, 1255-1273.
Cane, M.A., 1979: The response of an equatorial ocean to simple wind stress patterns: II Numerical
results. J. Mar. Res., 37, 253 -299.
Charney, J.G., 1960: Non-linear theory of a wind-driven homogeneous layer near the Equator.
Deep Sea Res., 6, 303-310.
Charney, J.G., and Spiegel S.L., 1971: Structure of wind-driven equatorial currents in
homogeneous oceans. J. Phys. Ocean., 1, 149-160.
Fine, R.A., 1987: The penetration of tritium into the tropical Pacific. J.Phys. Ocean., 17, 553-564.
Fine, R.A.,Reid J.L., and Ostlund H.G., 1981: Circulation of tritium in the Pacific Ocean. J. Phys.
Ocean., 11, 3-14.
Fofonoff, N.P. and Montgomery R.B., 1955: The Equatorial undercurrent in the light of the
vorticity equation. Tel/us, 7, 518-521.
Halpern, D. and Weisberg R.H., 1989: Upper ocean thermal and flow fields at 0°, 28° W (Atlantic)
and 0°, 140° W (Pacific) during 1983-1985. Deep Sea Res., 36, 407-418.
Johnson, E.S. and Luther D.S., 1994: Mean momentum balance in the upper and central equatorial
Pacific Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 99, C4, 7685-7705.
Liu, Z., 1994: A simple model of the mass exchange between the subtropical and tropical ocean. J.
Phys. Ocean, 24, 1153-1165.
Liu, Z., Philander S.G.H. and Pacanowski R.C., 1994: A GCM study of subtropical- tropical upper
ocean mass exchange. J. Phys. Ocean. 24, 2606-2623.
Lukas, R., 1986: The termination of the equatorial undercurrent in the eastern Pacific. Prog. Ocean.,
16,63-90.
Luyten, J.R., Pedlosky J. and Stommel H., 1983: The ventilated thermocline. J. Phys. Ocean., 13,
292-309.
McCreary, J.P. Jr., 1981: A linear stratified ocean model of the equatorial undercurrent. Phil.
Trans. Royal Soc. London, 298, 603--645.
McCreary, J.P. Jr., 1985: Modeling equatorial circulation. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech., 17, 359-409.
McCreary, J.P. Jr., and Lu, P., (1994): Interaction between the subtropical and equatorial circulations:
The subtropical cell. J. Phys. Ocean., 24,466-497.
McCreary, J.P. Jr. and Yu Z., 1991: Equatorial dynamics in a 2 1/2-layer model. Prog. Ocean., 29,
61-132.
Meyers, G., 1979: Annual variation in the slope of the 14° C isotherm along the equator in the
Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Ocean., 9, 885-891.
Moore, D.W. and Philander S.G.H., 1977: Modelling of the tropical oceanic circulation. In The
Sea, 6, Eds. Goldberg E.D., McCave LN., O'Brien J.J. and Steele. J.H. Wiley Interscience,
New York, pp 319-361.
Pedlosky, J., 1987: An inertial theory of the equatorial undercurrent. J. Phys. Ocean, 17, 19781985.
Pedlosky, J., 1988: Entrainment and the termination of the equatorial undercurrent. J. Phys.
Ocean., 18, 880-886.
Pedlosky, J., 1991a: The link between western boundary currents and equatorial undercurrents.
J. Phys. Ocean., 21, 1553-1558.
Pedlosky, J., 1991b: Theoretical developments in ocean circulation theory. Environmental dynamics
series, I., CNR/Istituto Veneto di Scienza, Lettere ed Arte. Summer School on Environmental
Dynamics, Venetzia, Italia, pp 124.
Pedlosky, J., and Samelson R.M., 1989: Wind forcing and the zonal structure of the equatorial
undercurrent. J. Phys. Ocean., 19, 1244-1254.
Equatorial Dynamics of the Thermocline: The Equatorial Undercurrent
References
Bryan, K. and Cox M.D., 1967: A numerical investigation of the oceanic general circulation. Tel/us,
XIX, 54-80.
Bryden, H.L. and Brady E.C., 1985: Diagnostic study of the three-dimensional circulation of the
upper equatorial Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Ocean., 15, 1255-1273.
Cane, M.A., 1979: The response of an equatorial ocean to simple wind stress patterns: II Numerical
results. J. Mar. Res., 37, 253 -299.
Charney, J.G., 1960: Non-linear theory of a wind-driven homogeneous layer near the Equator.
Deep Sea Res., 6, 303-310.
Charney, J.G., and Spiegel S.L., 1971: Structure of wind-driven equatorial currents in
homogeneous oceans. J. Phys. Ocean., 1, 149-160.
Fine, R.A., 1987: The penetration of tritium into the tropical Pacific. J.Phys. Ocean., 17, 553-564.
Fine, R.A.,Reid J.L., and Ostlund H.G., 1981: Circulation of tritium in the Pacific Ocean. J. Phys.
Ocean., 11, 3-14.
Fofonoff, N.P. and Montgomery R.B., 1955: The Equatorial undercurrent in the light of the
vorticity equation. Tel/us, 7, 518-521.
Halpern, D. and Weisberg R.H., 1989: Upper ocean thermal and flow fields at 0°, 28° W (Atlantic)
and 0°, 140° W (Pacific) during 1983-1985. Deep Sea Res., 36, 407-418.
Johnson, E.S. and Luther D.S., 1994: Mean momentum balance in the upper and central equatorial
Pacific Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 99, C4, 7685-7705.
Liu, Z., 1994: A simple model of the mass exchange between the subtropical and tropical ocean. J.
Phys. Ocean, 24, 1153-1165.
Liu, Z., Philander S.G.H. and Pacanowski R.C., 1994: A GCM study of subtropical- tropical upper
ocean mass exchange. J. Phys. Ocean. 24, 2606-2623.
Lukas, R., 1986: The termination of the equatorial undercurrent in the eastern Pacific. Prog. Ocean.,
16,63-90.
Luyten, J.R., Pedlosky J. and Stommel H., 1983: The ventilated thermocline. J. Phys. Ocean., 13,
292-309.
McCreary, J.P. Jr., 1981: A linear stratified ocean model of the equatorial undercurrent. Phil.
Trans. Royal Soc. London, 298, 603--645.
McCreary, J.P. Jr., 1985: Modeling equatorial circulation. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech., 17, 359-409.
McCreary, J.P. Jr., and Lu, P., (1994): Interaction between the subtropical and equatorial circulations:
The subtropical cell. J. Phys. Ocean., 24,466-497.
McCreary, J.P. Jr. and Yu Z., 1991: Equatorial dynamics in a 2 1/2-layer model. Prog. Ocean., 29,
61-132.
Meyers, G., 1979: Annual variation in the slope of the 14° C isotherm along the equator in the
Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Ocean., 9, 885-891.
Moore, D.W. and Philander S.G.H., 1977: Modelling of the tropical oceanic circulation. In The
Sea, 6, Eds. Goldberg E.D., McCave LN., O'Brien J.J. and Steele. J.H. Wiley Interscience,
New York, pp 319-361.
Pedlosky, J., 1987: An inertial theory of the equatorial undercurrent. J. Phys. Ocean, 17, 19781985.
Pedlosky, J., 1988: Entrainment and the termination of the equatorial undercurrent. J. Phys.
Ocean., 18, 880-886.
Pedlosky, J., 1991a: The link between western boundary currents and equatorial undercurrents.
J. Phys. Ocean., 21, 1553-1558.
Pedlosky, J., 1991b: Theoretical developments in ocean circulation theory. Environmental dynamics
series, I., CNR/Istituto Veneto di Scienza, Lettere ed Arte. Summer School on Environmental
Dynamics, Venetzia, Italia, pp 124.
Pedlosky, J., and Samelson R.M., 1989: Wind forcing and the zonal structure of the equatorial
undercurrent. J. Phys. Ocean., 19, 1244-1254.