170
Vertical Structure: Baroclinic Quasi-Geostrophic Models
Holland, WR., 1978: The role of mesoscale eddies in the general circulation of the ocean- numerical experiments using a wind-driven quasi-geostrophic model. J. Phys. Ocean., 8, 363392.
Holland, W.R. and Rhines P.B., 1980: An example of eddy induced circulation. J. Phys. Ocean. ,
10, 1010-1031.
Holland,W.R., Keffer T. and Rhines P.B., 1984: Dynamics of the oceanic circulation: the potential
vorticity field. Nature, 308, 698-705.
Ierley G.R. and Young W. R., 1983: Can the western boundary layer affect the potential vorticity
distribution in the Sverdrup interior of a wind gyre? J. Phys. Ocean., 13, 1753-1763.
Keffer, T. 1985: The ventilation of the world's oceans: maps of potential vorticity. J. Phys. Ocean.,
15, 509-523.
Ledwell, J., Watson A.J. and Law C. S., 1993: Evidence for slow mixing across the pycnocline from
an open-ocean tracer release experiment. Nature, 364, 701-703.
Levitus, S., 1982: Climatological atlas of the world ocean, NOAA Prof. paper 13, U.S. Govt.
Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 173 pp.
Lozier, M.S., Owens WB., Curry R.G., 1996: The climatology of the North Atlantic. Prog.
Oceanogr. 36: 1-44.
McDowell, S., Rhines P. and Keffer, T., 1982: North Atlantic potential vorticity and its relation to
the general circulation. J. Phys. Ocean., 12, 1417-1436.
Pedlosky, J., 1987: Geophysical fluid dynamics, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, NewYork,
pp 710.
Pickard, G.L. and Emery WJ., 1982: Descriptive physical oceanography: an introduction, 4th edn
(SI). Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp 249.
Rhines, P.B. and Schopp, R., 1991: The wind-driven circulation: Quasi-geostrophic simulations
and theory for nonsymmetric winds. J. Phys. Ocean., 21, 1438-1469.
Rhines, P.B., and Young, W. R., 1982 a: A theory of the wind-driven circulation. I. Mid-ocean
gyres. J. Marine Res., 40 (Supplement), 559-596.
Rhines, P.B., and Young, W.R., 1982 b: Homogenization of potential vorticity in planetary gyres.
J. Fluid Mech., 122, 347 -367.
Rhines, P.B., and Young, W.R., 1983: How quickly is a passive scalar mixed within closed
streamlines? J. Fluid Mech. , 133, 133-145.
Talley, L.D. 1985: Ventilation of the subtropical North Pacific: the shallow salinity mimimum.
J. Phys. Ocean., 15, 633-649.
Talley, L.D. 1988: Potential vorticity distribution in the North Pacific. J. Phys. Ocean .• 18, 89-106.
Young, W.R. 1986: Baroclinic theories of the wind- driven circulation. In: General circulation of
the ocean. Eds. Abarbanel, H.D.I. and Young, W.R. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New
York, pp 134-200.
Young, W.R., and Rhines P.B., 1982: A theory of the wind-driven circulation. II. Gyres with
western boundary layers, J. Marine Res., 40, 849-872.
Vertical Structure: Baroclinic Quasi-Geostrophic Models
Holland, WR., 1978: The role of mesoscale eddies in the general circulation of the ocean- numerical experiments using a wind-driven quasi-geostrophic model. J. Phys. Ocean., 8, 363392.
Holland, W.R. and Rhines P.B., 1980: An example of eddy induced circulation. J. Phys. Ocean. ,
10, 1010-1031.
Holland,W.R., Keffer T. and Rhines P.B., 1984: Dynamics of the oceanic circulation: the potential
vorticity field. Nature, 308, 698-705.
Ierley G.R. and Young W. R., 1983: Can the western boundary layer affect the potential vorticity
distribution in the Sverdrup interior of a wind gyre? J. Phys. Ocean., 13, 1753-1763.
Keffer, T. 1985: The ventilation of the world's oceans: maps of potential vorticity. J. Phys. Ocean.,
15, 509-523.
Ledwell, J., Watson A.J. and Law C. S., 1993: Evidence for slow mixing across the pycnocline from
an open-ocean tracer release experiment. Nature, 364, 701-703.
Levitus, S., 1982: Climatological atlas of the world ocean, NOAA Prof. paper 13, U.S. Govt.
Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 173 pp.
Lozier, M.S., Owens WB., Curry R.G., 1996: The climatology of the North Atlantic. Prog.
Oceanogr. 36: 1-44.
McDowell, S., Rhines P. and Keffer, T., 1982: North Atlantic potential vorticity and its relation to
the general circulation. J. Phys. Ocean., 12, 1417-1436.
Pedlosky, J., 1987: Geophysical fluid dynamics, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, NewYork,
pp 710.
Pickard, G.L. and Emery WJ., 1982: Descriptive physical oceanography: an introduction, 4th edn
(SI). Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp 249.
Rhines, P.B. and Schopp, R., 1991: The wind-driven circulation: Quasi-geostrophic simulations
and theory for nonsymmetric winds. J. Phys. Ocean., 21, 1438-1469.
Rhines, P.B., and Young, W. R., 1982 a: A theory of the wind-driven circulation. I. Mid-ocean
gyres. J. Marine Res., 40 (Supplement), 559-596.
Rhines, P.B., and Young, W.R., 1982 b: Homogenization of potential vorticity in planetary gyres.
J. Fluid Mech., 122, 347 -367.
Rhines, P.B., and Young, W.R., 1983: How quickly is a passive scalar mixed within closed
streamlines? J. Fluid Mech. , 133, 133-145.
Talley, L.D. 1985: Ventilation of the subtropical North Pacific: the shallow salinity mimimum.
J. Phys. Ocean., 15, 633-649.
Talley, L.D. 1988: Potential vorticity distribution in the North Pacific. J. Phys. Ocean .• 18, 89-106.
Young, W.R. 1986: Baroclinic theories of the wind- driven circulation. In: General circulation of
the ocean. Eds. Abarbanel, H.D.I. and Young, W.R. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New
York, pp 134-200.
Young, W.R., and Rhines P.B., 1982: A theory of the wind-driven circulation. II. Gyres with
western boundary layers, J. Marine Res., 40, 849-872.