Index
245
Metzger, K., 123, 126, 130
Middle North Atlantic Deep Water, 168, 170,
175
Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment (MODE),
15–27, 37, 50–52, 53, 56, 105–7, 115, 120,
126, 185, 188, 213, 226
Field Program, 21, 24, 25–26
influence on WOCE, 182–83
MODE-0 phase, 24, 50, 51–52
preparation for, 20–25
revolutionary design of, 51
roots of, 17–20
Scientific Council, 24
Theoretical Panel, 21, 23, 24
“Mid-Ocean Madness” (Richardson), 105
Mikhalevsky, P. N., 133
Milankovitch cycles, 161
Milburn, Hugh, 53–54, 64, 82, 88
MILE. See Mixed Layer Experiment
MIMI transmission, 122, 123
Mintz, Yale, 32, 36
Mitchum, Gary, 113
Mixed Layer Experiment (MILE), 56
Moana Wave (R/V), 69
MODE. See Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment
Modular Ocean Model (MOM), 37
Mohn, H., 6
Monsoons, 3, 75, 95, 110, 197
Monster Buoys, 54
Montgomery, R. B., 5, 140, 167, 168, 171, 173,
174, 175
Mooers, Chris, 115
Mooney, K., 113, 168
Moore, Dennis, 24, 25, 80, 154, 157,
158
Moored thermistor chains, 86
Moore’s Law, 32, 187
Moorings, 47–49, 52, 54, 126
Morawitz, W. M. L., 126
Morison, S. E., 2
Moura, Antonio, 107
M¨ uller, Peter, 232
Munk, Walter H., 10, 29, 32, 45, 104, 167, 168,
175, 185, 190
Murray, J., 5, 11
NAGA expedition, 101
NAGA Report, 207, 231
Namias, Jerome, 10, 54, 81, 214, 217–18
Nansen, F., 4, 173
NASA, 77, 90, 109, 185–86, 194, 195
National Academy of Sciences (NAS), 35, 39,
106, 190
National Atmospheric and Oceanic Agency
(NOAA), 53, 54, 104, 108, 109, 115, 185
El Ni˜ no studies and, 82, 84, 85, 90, 93, 95,
162
MODE and, 15, 25
ocean acoustic tomography and, 130
National Center for Atmospheric Research
(NCAR), 22, 24, 26, 32, 33, 41, 50, 56, 83,
105, 106
National Data Buoy Center, 109
National Data Buoy Project, 107
National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), British,
46, 106
National Marine Fisheries Service, 130
National Meteorological Center, 90
National Research Council, 92, 183, 185, 190
National Science Foundation (NSF), 16, 54, 87,
105, 109, 112, 184, 211, 213, 226
MODE and, 15, 20
NORPAX and, 81
WOCE and, 60
Nature, 125
Navy, U.S., 19, 90, 93, 121, 125–26, 128. See also
Office of Naval Research
Navy, U.S.S.R., 121
NCAR. See National Center for Atmospheric
Research
Needler, G. T., 142
Neelin, David, 159, 160
Neumann, G., 206
Neumann, John von, 30
Neutral surfaces, 171
Nicholls, Neville, 68
Niiler, Pearn (Peter), 56, 59, 86, 87, 104, 105, 108,
109
NOAA. See National Atmospheric and Oceanic
Agency
NORPAX. See North Pacific Experiment
North Atlantic Current, 62
North Atlantic Deep Water, 4, 9
North Atlantic Intermediate Water, 133
North Atlantic Ocean, 18, 71, 83, 171, 175, 189,
192, 196
acoustic tomography and, 128
bottom water of, 167
general circulation models of, 35, 36, 40, 41
subpolar gyre of, 11
water properties, 6
North Atlantic Study (NAS), 166
245
Metzger, K., 123, 126, 130
Middle North Atlantic Deep Water, 168, 170,
175
Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment (MODE),
15–27, 37, 50–52, 53, 56, 105–7, 115, 120,
126, 185, 188, 213, 226
Field Program, 21, 24, 25–26
influence on WOCE, 182–83
MODE-0 phase, 24, 50, 51–52
preparation for, 20–25
revolutionary design of, 51
roots of, 17–20
Scientific Council, 24
Theoretical Panel, 21, 23, 24
“Mid-Ocean Madness” (Richardson), 105
Mikhalevsky, P. N., 133
Milankovitch cycles, 161
Milburn, Hugh, 53–54, 64, 82, 88
MILE. See Mixed Layer Experiment
MIMI transmission, 122, 123
Mintz, Yale, 32, 36
Mitchum, Gary, 113
Mixed Layer Experiment (MILE), 56
Moana Wave (R/V), 69
MODE. See Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment
Modular Ocean Model (MOM), 37
Mohn, H., 6
Monsoons, 3, 75, 95, 110, 197
Monster Buoys, 54
Montgomery, R. B., 5, 140, 167, 168, 171, 173,
174, 175
Mooers, Chris, 115
Mooney, K., 113, 168
Moore, Dennis, 24, 25, 80, 154, 157,
158
Moored thermistor chains, 86
Moore’s Law, 32, 187
Moorings, 47–49, 52, 54, 126
Morawitz, W. M. L., 126
Morison, S. E., 2
Moura, Antonio, 107
M¨ uller, Peter, 232
Munk, Walter H., 10, 29, 32, 45, 104, 167, 168,
175, 185, 190
Murray, J., 5, 11
NAGA expedition, 101
NAGA Report, 207, 231
Namias, Jerome, 10, 54, 81, 214, 217–18
Nansen, F., 4, 173
NASA, 77, 90, 109, 185–86, 194, 195
National Academy of Sciences (NAS), 35, 39,
106, 190
National Atmospheric and Oceanic Agency
(NOAA), 53, 54, 104, 108, 109, 115, 185
El Ni˜ no studies and, 82, 84, 85, 90, 93, 95,
162
MODE and, 15, 25
ocean acoustic tomography and, 130
National Center for Atmospheric Research
(NCAR), 22, 24, 26, 32, 33, 41, 50, 56, 83,
105, 106
National Data Buoy Center, 109
National Data Buoy Project, 107
National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), British,
46, 106
National Marine Fisheries Service, 130
National Meteorological Center, 90
National Research Council, 92, 183, 185, 190
National Science Foundation (NSF), 16, 54, 87,
105, 109, 112, 184, 211, 213, 226
MODE and, 15, 20
NORPAX and, 81
WOCE and, 60
Nature, 125
Navy, U.S., 19, 90, 93, 121, 125–26, 128. See also
Office of Naval Research
Navy, U.S.S.R., 121
NCAR. See National Center for Atmospheric
Research
Needler, G. T., 142
Neelin, David, 159, 160
Neumann, G., 206
Neumann, John von, 30
Neutral surfaces, 171
Nicholls, Neville, 68
Niiler, Pearn (Peter), 56, 59, 86, 87, 104, 105, 108,
109
NOAA. See National Atmospheric and Oceanic
Agency
NORPAX. See North Pacific Experiment
North Atlantic Current, 62
North Atlantic Deep Water, 4, 9
North Atlantic Intermediate Water, 133
North Atlantic Ocean, 18, 71, 83, 171, 175, 189,
192, 196
acoustic tomography and, 128
bottom water of, 167
general circulation models of, 35, 36, 40, 41
subpolar gyre of, 11
water properties, 6
North Atlantic Study (NAS), 166