690
Herterich et al.
Model
Boundary condItions
Data for venficallon
atmosphere
SST/sea ice
certain land conditions
insolation
(temperature, wind,
topography/glaciers
precipitation)
vegetation/albedo
greenhouse gases
ocean
SST or surface heat flux
tracer distnbutions
SSS or fresh water flux
(temperature, salinity,
wind stress
14C,OI80)
bathymetry
coupled
insolation
SST,SSS
atmospheretopography/glaciers
tracer distributions
ocean
vegetation/albedo
certain land conditions
biogeochemical
physical state
tracer distributions
ocean
of the ocean
(nutrients,013 C,
productivity)
continental
surface temperature
ice-sheet margins
ice sheets
annual snow balance
bed-rock depression
sea level
tracer distribution (0 18 0)
bed-rock topography
geothennal heat flux
inverse
depending on model set-up
Table 2. Models and their data requirements (only the most important are listed). Boundary conditions are needed
to run the model, which produces "new" data. If observations on these data exist, they can be used for verification.
,,1/
-Q/1"
Insolation
Atmospbere
SST,SSS
Biogeocbemistry
Ocean
Circulation
Fig. 1. Illustration of the climate system. All the components atmosphere, ocean, ice and vegetation depend
directly or indirectly on each other.