46
Weferetal.
Freeman KH, Hayes JM (1992) Fractionation of carbon
isotopes by phytoplankton and estimates of ancient
CO 2 levels. Global Change 6: 185-198
Frew RD, Hunter KA (1992) Influence of southern ocean
waters on the cadmium-phosphate properties ofthe
global ocean. Nature 360: 144-146
Froelich PN, Mortlock RA, Shemesh A (1989) Inorganic
germanium and silica in the Indian Ocean: biological fractination during (Ge/Si) Opal formation. Global Biogeochem Cycles 3: 79-88
Ganeshram RS, Pedersen TF, Calvert SE, Murray JW
(1995) Large changes in oceanic nutrient inventories from glacial to interglacial periods. Nature 376:
755-757
Ganssen G (1983) Dokumentation von kuestennahem
Auftrieb anhand stabiler Isotope in rezenten
Foraminiferen vor Nordwest-Afrika. "Meteor"
Forsch Ergebn C 37: 1-46
Ganssen G, Sarnthein M (1983) Stable-isotope compositions offoraminfers: The surface and bottom record
of castal upwelling. In: Suess E, Thiede J (eds)
Coastal upwelling: Its Sediment Record (Part A ). Plenum Press, New York, pp 99-121
Gasse F, Stabell B, Fournatier E, Van lperen Y (1989)
Freshwater diatom influx in intertropical Atlantic:
Relationships with continental records from Africa.
Quat Res 32: 229-243
Genthon C, Barnola JM, Raynaud D, Lorius C, Jouzel J,
Barkov NI, Korotkevich YS, Kotlyakov VM (1987)
Vostok ice core: climate response to CO 2 and orbital
forcing changes over the last climate cycle. Nature
329:414-418
Gersonde R, Wefer G (1987) Sedimentation of biogenic
siliceous particles in Antarctic waters (Atlantic sector). Mar Micropaleontol II: 311-332
Gersonde R, Abelmann A, Arz H, Brathauer U, Censarek
B, Hale W, Kulm G, Mulitza S, Niebler S, Piitzold J,
Segl M, Sieger R, Zielinski U, Wefer G (1998) Last
glacial maximum sea surface temperatures and sea
ice distribution in the South Atlantic and Southern
Ocean. 1998 Fall Meeting, AGU Suppl to EOS Trans
AGUVol 79 (45) F47 I OS22F-08
Gingele F, Dahmke A (1994) Discrete barite particles and
barium as tracers of paleoceanograhy in South
Atlantic sediments. Paleoceanography 9: 151-168
Goldberg ED, Arrhenius GOS (1958) Chemistry of
pelagic Pacific sediments. Geochim Cosmochim Acta
13: 153-212
Gooday AJ (1993) Deep-sea benthic foraminiferal species which exploit phytodetritus: Characteristic features and controls on distribution. Mar
Micropaleontol22: 187-205
Guilderson TP, Fairbanks RG, Rubenstone JL (1994)
Tropical temperature variations since 20,000 years
ago: Modulating interhemispheric climate change.
Science 263: 663-665
Hebbeln D, Wefer G, Berger WH (1990) Pleistocene dissolution fluctuations from apparent depth of deposition in ore ERDC-127P, west-equatorial Pacific. Mar
Geo192: 165-176
Hemleben C, Spindler M, Anderson OR (1989) Modern
Planktonic Foraminifera. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
Heidelberg New York, pp 1-363
Hemming NG, Hanson GN (1992) Boron isotopic composition and concentration in modern marine carbonates. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 56: 537-543
Hemming NG, Hanson GN (1994) A procedure for the
isotopic analysis of boron by negative thermal ionization mass spectrometry. Chern Geo1114: 147-156
Herguera JC (1992) Deep-sea benthic foraminifera and
biogenic opal: glacial to postglacial productivity
changes in the western equatorial pacific. Mar
Micropaleontol19: 79-98
Herguera JC, Berger WH (1991) Paleoproductivity: glacial to postglacial change in the western equatorial
Pacific, from benthic foraminifera. Geology 19:
1173-1176
Herguera JC, Berger WH (1994) Glacial to postglacial
drop of productivity in the western equatorial
Pacific: Mixing rate versus nutrient concentrations.
Geology 22: 629-632
Heusser LE (1985) Quaternary palynology of marine
sediments in the Northeast Pacific, Northwest Atlantic, and Gulf of Mexico. In: BryantJ, Holloway RG
(eds) Pollen Records of Late Quaternary North
American Sediments. American Association of
Stratigraphic Palynologists, Dallas, pp 385-403
Hilgen FJ (1991) Extension of the astronomically calibrated (polarity) timescale to the MiocenelPliocene
boundary. Earth Planet Sci Lett 107: 349-368
Holmes ME, Mueller PJ, Schneider RR, Segl M, Wefer G
(1996) Stable nitrogen isotopes in Angola Basin
surface sediments. Mar Geol134: 1-12
Holmes ME, MUller PJ, Schneider RR, Segl M, Wefer G
(1998) Spatial variations in euphotic zone nitrate
utilization based on ol5N in surface sediments. GeoMar Lett 18: 58-65
Hooghiemstra H (1988) Palynological records from
northwest African marine sediments: a general outline of the interpretation of the pollen signal. Phil
Trans R Soc Lond 318: 431-449
Hooghiemstra H, Agwu COC, Beug HJ (1986) Pollen and
spore distribution in recent marine sediments: A
record ofNW-African seasonal wind patterns and
Weferetal.
Freeman KH, Hayes JM (1992) Fractionation of carbon
isotopes by phytoplankton and estimates of ancient
CO 2 levels. Global Change 6: 185-198
Frew RD, Hunter KA (1992) Influence of southern ocean
waters on the cadmium-phosphate properties ofthe
global ocean. Nature 360: 144-146
Froelich PN, Mortlock RA, Shemesh A (1989) Inorganic
germanium and silica in the Indian Ocean: biological fractination during (Ge/Si) Opal formation. Global Biogeochem Cycles 3: 79-88
Ganeshram RS, Pedersen TF, Calvert SE, Murray JW
(1995) Large changes in oceanic nutrient inventories from glacial to interglacial periods. Nature 376:
755-757
Ganssen G (1983) Dokumentation von kuestennahem
Auftrieb anhand stabiler Isotope in rezenten
Foraminiferen vor Nordwest-Afrika. "Meteor"
Forsch Ergebn C 37: 1-46
Ganssen G, Sarnthein M (1983) Stable-isotope compositions offoraminfers: The surface and bottom record
of castal upwelling. In: Suess E, Thiede J (eds)
Coastal upwelling: Its Sediment Record (Part A ). Plenum Press, New York, pp 99-121
Gasse F, Stabell B, Fournatier E, Van lperen Y (1989)
Freshwater diatom influx in intertropical Atlantic:
Relationships with continental records from Africa.
Quat Res 32: 229-243
Genthon C, Barnola JM, Raynaud D, Lorius C, Jouzel J,
Barkov NI, Korotkevich YS, Kotlyakov VM (1987)
Vostok ice core: climate response to CO 2 and orbital
forcing changes over the last climate cycle. Nature
329:414-418
Gersonde R, Wefer G (1987) Sedimentation of biogenic
siliceous particles in Antarctic waters (Atlantic sector). Mar Micropaleontol II: 311-332
Gersonde R, Abelmann A, Arz H, Brathauer U, Censarek
B, Hale W, Kulm G, Mulitza S, Niebler S, Piitzold J,
Segl M, Sieger R, Zielinski U, Wefer G (1998) Last
glacial maximum sea surface temperatures and sea
ice distribution in the South Atlantic and Southern
Ocean. 1998 Fall Meeting, AGU Suppl to EOS Trans
AGUVol 79 (45) F47 I OS22F-08
Gingele F, Dahmke A (1994) Discrete barite particles and
barium as tracers of paleoceanograhy in South
Atlantic sediments. Paleoceanography 9: 151-168
Goldberg ED, Arrhenius GOS (1958) Chemistry of
pelagic Pacific sediments. Geochim Cosmochim Acta
13: 153-212
Gooday AJ (1993) Deep-sea benthic foraminiferal species which exploit phytodetritus: Characteristic features and controls on distribution. Mar
Micropaleontol22: 187-205
Guilderson TP, Fairbanks RG, Rubenstone JL (1994)
Tropical temperature variations since 20,000 years
ago: Modulating interhemispheric climate change.
Science 263: 663-665
Hebbeln D, Wefer G, Berger WH (1990) Pleistocene dissolution fluctuations from apparent depth of deposition in ore ERDC-127P, west-equatorial Pacific. Mar
Geo192: 165-176
Hemleben C, Spindler M, Anderson OR (1989) Modern
Planktonic Foraminifera. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
Heidelberg New York, pp 1-363
Hemming NG, Hanson GN (1992) Boron isotopic composition and concentration in modern marine carbonates. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 56: 537-543
Hemming NG, Hanson GN (1994) A procedure for the
isotopic analysis of boron by negative thermal ionization mass spectrometry. Chern Geo1114: 147-156
Herguera JC (1992) Deep-sea benthic foraminifera and
biogenic opal: glacial to postglacial productivity
changes in the western equatorial pacific. Mar
Micropaleontol19: 79-98
Herguera JC, Berger WH (1991) Paleoproductivity: glacial to postglacial change in the western equatorial
Pacific, from benthic foraminifera. Geology 19:
1173-1176
Herguera JC, Berger WH (1994) Glacial to postglacial
drop of productivity in the western equatorial
Pacific: Mixing rate versus nutrient concentrations.
Geology 22: 629-632
Heusser LE (1985) Quaternary palynology of marine
sediments in the Northeast Pacific, Northwest Atlantic, and Gulf of Mexico. In: BryantJ, Holloway RG
(eds) Pollen Records of Late Quaternary North
American Sediments. American Association of
Stratigraphic Palynologists, Dallas, pp 385-403
Hilgen FJ (1991) Extension of the astronomically calibrated (polarity) timescale to the MiocenelPliocene
boundary. Earth Planet Sci Lett 107: 349-368
Holmes ME, Mueller PJ, Schneider RR, Segl M, Wefer G
(1996) Stable nitrogen isotopes in Angola Basin
surface sediments. Mar Geol134: 1-12
Holmes ME, MUller PJ, Schneider RR, Segl M, Wefer G
(1998) Spatial variations in euphotic zone nitrate
utilization based on ol5N in surface sediments. GeoMar Lett 18: 58-65
Hooghiemstra H (1988) Palynological records from
northwest African marine sediments: a general outline of the interpretation of the pollen signal. Phil
Trans R Soc Lond 318: 431-449
Hooghiemstra H, Agwu COC, Beug HJ (1986) Pollen and
spore distribution in recent marine sediments: A
record ofNW-African seasonal wind patterns and