Kaolinite and Chlorite as Tracers of Modem and Late Quaternary Deep Water Circulation
309
Acknowledgments
We appreciate the kind assistance of the crews and
masters of the research vessels 'Polarstern' and
'Meteor' during several cruises to the South Alantic
Ocean and Southern Ocean. This investigation was
funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
through Sonderforschungsbereich 261 and grant
Ku 683/2. For sample preparation we are indebted
to Silvia Janisch and Helga Rhodes as well as numerous student probationers at the Alfred Wegener
Institute. We would like to thank Dr. Gerhard
Bohrmann for providing us unpublished data of opal
contents in some of the investigated sediment cores
which were needed for the calculation of the
proportions of terrigenous matter. Finally, we
acknowledge the reviews and constructive comments ofS. Hillier and C. Robert.
Raw data may be requested from B.D. or are
available via internet from the PANGAEA data
bank (www.pangaea.de) of the Alfred Wegener
Institute for Polar and Marine Research.
This research was funded by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (Sonderforschungsbereich 261 at Bremen University, Contribution
No. 189 and publication No. 1491 of the Alfred
Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research).
Data are available under www.pangaea.de/
Projects/SFB261.
References
Abelmann A, Gersonde R (1988) Cycladophora
davisiana stratigraphy in Plio-Pleistocene cores
from the Antarctic Ocean (Atlantic sector).
Micropaleontology 34: 268-276
Aston SR, Chester R, Johnson LR, Padgham RC (1973)
Eolian dust from the lower atmosphere of the eastern Atlantic and Indian Ocean, China Sea and Sea
ofJapan. Mar Geo114: 15-28
Balsam WL, Bliesner BL, Deaton BC (1995) Modem and
last glacial maximum eolian sedimentation patterns
in the Atlantic Ocean interpreted from sediment iron
oxide content. Paleoceanography 10(3): 493-507
Bareille G, Grousset FE, Labracherie M (1994) Origin of
detrital fluxes in the southeast Indian Ocean during
the last climatic cycles. Paleoceanography 9(6):
799-819
Bathmann U, Schulz-Baldes M, Fahrbach E, Smetacek
V, Hubberten HW (1992) Die Expeditionen
ANTARKTIS IX/l-4 des Forschungsschiffes
"Polarstern" 1990/91. Ber Polarforsch Bremerhaven
100, pp 1-403
Bausch WM (1995) Geochemisch-mineralogische
Untersuchungen am Ostrand der Antarktischen
Halbinsel. Terrestrische Geowissenschaften
Geologie und Geophysik (Antarktis) Ber Polarforsch
Bremerhaven 170,pp 157-158
Berger WH, Wefer G (1996) Expeditions into the Past:
Paleoceanographic Studies in the South Atlantic. In:
Wefer G, Berger W, Siedler G, Webb OJ (eds)
The South Atlantic: Present and Past Circulation.
Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 363-410
Bickert T, Wefer G (1996) Late Quaternary Deep Water
Circulation in the South Atlantic: Reconstruction
from Carbonate Dissolution and Benthic Stable Isotopes. In: WeferG, Berger W, SiedlerG, Webb OJ (eds)
The South Atlantic: Present and Past Circulation.
Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 599-620
Biscaye PE (1965) Mineralogy and sedimentation of
recent deep-sea clay in the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas and oceans. Geol Soc Am Bull 76: 803-832
Biscaye PE, Eittreim SL (1977) Suspended particulate
loads and transports in the nepheloid layer of the
abyssal Atlantic Ocean. Mar Geo123: 155-172
Blackman RB, Tukey JW (1958) The measurements of
power spectra. Dover Publlnc, New York, pp 1-190
Bleil U, SpieB V, Wefer G (1994) METEOR 23, Geo
Bremen, South Atlantic 1993. Meteor Ber Univ
Hamburg 94-I,pp 1-261
Boyle EA (1988) Cadmium: chemical tracer of deep-waterpaleoceanography. Paleoceanography 3:471-489
Boyle EA (1994) A comparison of carbon isotopes and
cadmium in the modem and glacial maximum ocean:
Can we account for the discrepancies? In: Zahn et
al. (eds) Carbon cycling in the glacial ocean: constraints on the ocean's role in global change. NA TO
AS! Series C, 117. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New
York,pp 167-193
Brathauer U (1996) Rekonstruktion quartarer Klimaanderungen im atlantischen Sektor des Siidpolarmeeres anhand von Radiolarien. Ber Polarforsch
Bremerhaven2l6, pp 1-163
Broecker WS, Denton GH (1989) The role of ocean-atmosphere reorganizations in glacial cycles. Geochim
Cosmochim Acta 53: 2465-2501
Burckle LH (1982) First appearance datum of Hemidiscus
karstenii in the late Pleistocene of the subantarctic
region. Anti 17(5):142-143
309
Acknowledgments
We appreciate the kind assistance of the crews and
masters of the research vessels 'Polarstern' and
'Meteor' during several cruises to the South Alantic
Ocean and Southern Ocean. This investigation was
funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
through Sonderforschungsbereich 261 and grant
Ku 683/2. For sample preparation we are indebted
to Silvia Janisch and Helga Rhodes as well as numerous student probationers at the Alfred Wegener
Institute. We would like to thank Dr. Gerhard
Bohrmann for providing us unpublished data of opal
contents in some of the investigated sediment cores
which were needed for the calculation of the
proportions of terrigenous matter. Finally, we
acknowledge the reviews and constructive comments ofS. Hillier and C. Robert.
Raw data may be requested from B.D. or are
available via internet from the PANGAEA data
bank (www.pangaea.de) of the Alfred Wegener
Institute for Polar and Marine Research.
This research was funded by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (Sonderforschungsbereich 261 at Bremen University, Contribution
No. 189 and publication No. 1491 of the Alfred
Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research).
Data are available under www.pangaea.de/
Projects/SFB261.
References
Abelmann A, Gersonde R (1988) Cycladophora
davisiana stratigraphy in Plio-Pleistocene cores
from the Antarctic Ocean (Atlantic sector).
Micropaleontology 34: 268-276
Aston SR, Chester R, Johnson LR, Padgham RC (1973)
Eolian dust from the lower atmosphere of the eastern Atlantic and Indian Ocean, China Sea and Sea
ofJapan. Mar Geo114: 15-28
Balsam WL, Bliesner BL, Deaton BC (1995) Modem and
last glacial maximum eolian sedimentation patterns
in the Atlantic Ocean interpreted from sediment iron
oxide content. Paleoceanography 10(3): 493-507
Bareille G, Grousset FE, Labracherie M (1994) Origin of
detrital fluxes in the southeast Indian Ocean during
the last climatic cycles. Paleoceanography 9(6):
799-819
Bathmann U, Schulz-Baldes M, Fahrbach E, Smetacek
V, Hubberten HW (1992) Die Expeditionen
ANTARKTIS IX/l-4 des Forschungsschiffes
"Polarstern" 1990/91. Ber Polarforsch Bremerhaven
100, pp 1-403
Bausch WM (1995) Geochemisch-mineralogische
Untersuchungen am Ostrand der Antarktischen
Halbinsel. Terrestrische Geowissenschaften
Geologie und Geophysik (Antarktis) Ber Polarforsch
Bremerhaven 170,pp 157-158
Berger WH, Wefer G (1996) Expeditions into the Past:
Paleoceanographic Studies in the South Atlantic. In:
Wefer G, Berger W, Siedler G, Webb OJ (eds)
The South Atlantic: Present and Past Circulation.
Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 363-410
Bickert T, Wefer G (1996) Late Quaternary Deep Water
Circulation in the South Atlantic: Reconstruction
from Carbonate Dissolution and Benthic Stable Isotopes. In: WeferG, Berger W, SiedlerG, Webb OJ (eds)
The South Atlantic: Present and Past Circulation.
Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 599-620
Biscaye PE (1965) Mineralogy and sedimentation of
recent deep-sea clay in the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas and oceans. Geol Soc Am Bull 76: 803-832
Biscaye PE, Eittreim SL (1977) Suspended particulate
loads and transports in the nepheloid layer of the
abyssal Atlantic Ocean. Mar Geo123: 155-172
Blackman RB, Tukey JW (1958) The measurements of
power spectra. Dover Publlnc, New York, pp 1-190
Bleil U, SpieB V, Wefer G (1994) METEOR 23, Geo
Bremen, South Atlantic 1993. Meteor Ber Univ
Hamburg 94-I,pp 1-261
Boyle EA (1988) Cadmium: chemical tracer of deep-waterpaleoceanography. Paleoceanography 3:471-489
Boyle EA (1994) A comparison of carbon isotopes and
cadmium in the modem and glacial maximum ocean:
Can we account for the discrepancies? In: Zahn et
al. (eds) Carbon cycling in the glacial ocean: constraints on the ocean's role in global change. NA TO
AS! Series C, 117. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New
York,pp 167-193
Brathauer U (1996) Rekonstruktion quartarer Klimaanderungen im atlantischen Sektor des Siidpolarmeeres anhand von Radiolarien. Ber Polarforsch
Bremerhaven2l6, pp 1-163
Broecker WS, Denton GH (1989) The role of ocean-atmosphere reorganizations in glacial cycles. Geochim
Cosmochim Acta 53: 2465-2501
Burckle LH (1982) First appearance datum of Hemidiscus
karstenii in the late Pleistocene of the subantarctic
region. Anti 17(5):142-143