206
Fischer et al.
Hoefs J, Sarnthein M (1971) 18 0/ 16 0 ratios and related
temperatures of recent pteropod shells (Cavolinia
longirostris Lesueur) from the Persian Gulf. Mar Geol
IO:MII-MI6
Jasper JP, Deuser WG (1993) Annual cycles of mass flux
and isotopic composition of pteropod shells settling
into the deep Sargasso Sea. Deep-Sea Res 40:
653-669
Kalberer M, Fischer G, Patzold J, Donner B, Segl M,
Wefer G (1993) Seasonal sedimentation and stable
isotope records of pteropods off Cape Blanc. Mar
Geo1113: 305-320
Kemle-von Mlicke S (1994) Oberflachenwasserstruktur
und -zirkulation des Slidostatlantiks im Spatquartiir.
Ber Fachber Geowiss Univ Bremen 55, pp 1-151
Kroopnick PM (1985) The distribution of l3 C in the world
oceans. Deep-Sea Res 32: 57-77
Levitus S, Boyer T (1994) World Ocean Atlas 1994, Volume 4: Temperature. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 4, US Dept
of Commerce, Washington DC
Martin JH, Knauer GA, Karl DM, Broenkow WW (1987)
VERTEX: carbon cycling in the northeast Pacific.
Deep-Sea Res 34: 267-285
Meinecke G, Wefer G (1990) Seasonal pteropod sedimentation in the Norwegian Sea. Palaeogeogr
PalaeoclimatolPalaeoecol79: 129-147
Mittelsteadt E (1991) The ocean boundary along the
northwest African coast. Progr Oceanogr 26: 307-355
Mook WG, VogeIJC(1968) Isotopic equilibrium between
shells and their environment. Science 159: 874-875
Price BA, Killingley JS, Berger WH (1985) On the
pteropod pavement ofthe eastern Rio Grande Rise.
Mar Geol 64: 217-235
Ravelo AC, Fairbanks RG (1992) Oxygen isotopic composition of multiple species of planktonic
foraminifera: Recorders of the modem photic zone
temperature gradient. Paleoceanography 7: 815-831
Ravelo AC, Fairbanks RG (1995) Carbon isotope
fractionation in multiple species of planktonic
foraminifera from core-tops in the Tropical Atlantic.
J ForamRes 25: 53-74
Reynolds RW (1988) A real-time global sea surface temperature analysis. J Climate I: 75-86
Sarnthein M, Thiede J, Pflaum ann U, Erlenkeuser H,
Flitterer D, Koopmann B, Lange H, Seibold E (1982)
Atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns off
Northwest Africa during the past 25 million years.
In: Rad Uvon, HinzK, Sarnthein M, SeiboldE (eds)
Geology of the Northwest African Continental
Margin. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York,
pp 584-604
Schemainda R, Nehring D, Schulz S (1975)
Ozeanologische Untersuchungen zum Produktionspotential der nordwestafrikanischen Wasserauftriebsregion 1970-1973. Geodatische und geophysikalische Veroffentlichungen 4: 1-88
Spero HJ, Lea DW (J 993) Intraspecific stable isotope
variability in the planktonic foraminifera
Globigerinoides sacculifer: results from laboratory
experiments. Mar Micropaleontol 22: 221-234
Spero HJ, Williams DF (1988) Extracting environmental
information from planktonic foraminiferal Ol3C data.
Nature 335: 717-719
Spoel S van der (1967) Euthecosomata: a group with
remarkable developmental stages (Gastropoda,
Pteropoda). Gorinchem J Noorduijn en Zoon NV,
pp 1-375
Spoel S van der (1973) Growth, reproduction and vertical migration in Clio pyramidata Linne, 1767 forma
lanceolala (Lesueur, 1813), with notes on other
Cavoliniidae (Mollusca, Pteropoda). Beaufortia 21
(281): 117-134
Tarutani T, Clayton RN, Mayeda TK(1969) The effect
of polymorphism and magnesium substitution on
oxygen isotope fractionation between calcium carbonate and water. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 33:
987-996
Wells FE (1976) Growth rate of four species of
euthecosomatous pteropods occurring off Barbados, West Indies. The Nautilus 90: 114-116
Wormuth JH (1981) Vertical distribution and diel migrations of Euthecosomata in the northwest Sargasso
Sea. Deep-Sea Res 28A: 1493-1515
Fischer et al.
Hoefs J, Sarnthein M (1971) 18 0/ 16 0 ratios and related
temperatures of recent pteropod shells (Cavolinia
longirostris Lesueur) from the Persian Gulf. Mar Geol
IO:MII-MI6
Jasper JP, Deuser WG (1993) Annual cycles of mass flux
and isotopic composition of pteropod shells settling
into the deep Sargasso Sea. Deep-Sea Res 40:
653-669
Kalberer M, Fischer G, Patzold J, Donner B, Segl M,
Wefer G (1993) Seasonal sedimentation and stable
isotope records of pteropods off Cape Blanc. Mar
Geo1113: 305-320
Kemle-von Mlicke S (1994) Oberflachenwasserstruktur
und -zirkulation des Slidostatlantiks im Spatquartiir.
Ber Fachber Geowiss Univ Bremen 55, pp 1-151
Kroopnick PM (1985) The distribution of l3 C in the world
oceans. Deep-Sea Res 32: 57-77
Levitus S, Boyer T (1994) World Ocean Atlas 1994, Volume 4: Temperature. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 4, US Dept
of Commerce, Washington DC
Martin JH, Knauer GA, Karl DM, Broenkow WW (1987)
VERTEX: carbon cycling in the northeast Pacific.
Deep-Sea Res 34: 267-285
Meinecke G, Wefer G (1990) Seasonal pteropod sedimentation in the Norwegian Sea. Palaeogeogr
PalaeoclimatolPalaeoecol79: 129-147
Mittelsteadt E (1991) The ocean boundary along the
northwest African coast. Progr Oceanogr 26: 307-355
Mook WG, VogeIJC(1968) Isotopic equilibrium between
shells and their environment. Science 159: 874-875
Price BA, Killingley JS, Berger WH (1985) On the
pteropod pavement ofthe eastern Rio Grande Rise.
Mar Geol 64: 217-235
Ravelo AC, Fairbanks RG (1992) Oxygen isotopic composition of multiple species of planktonic
foraminifera: Recorders of the modem photic zone
temperature gradient. Paleoceanography 7: 815-831
Ravelo AC, Fairbanks RG (1995) Carbon isotope
fractionation in multiple species of planktonic
foraminifera from core-tops in the Tropical Atlantic.
J ForamRes 25: 53-74
Reynolds RW (1988) A real-time global sea surface temperature analysis. J Climate I: 75-86
Sarnthein M, Thiede J, Pflaum ann U, Erlenkeuser H,
Flitterer D, Koopmann B, Lange H, Seibold E (1982)
Atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns off
Northwest Africa during the past 25 million years.
In: Rad Uvon, HinzK, Sarnthein M, SeiboldE (eds)
Geology of the Northwest African Continental
Margin. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York,
pp 584-604
Schemainda R, Nehring D, Schulz S (1975)
Ozeanologische Untersuchungen zum Produktionspotential der nordwestafrikanischen Wasserauftriebsregion 1970-1973. Geodatische und geophysikalische Veroffentlichungen 4: 1-88
Spero HJ, Lea DW (J 993) Intraspecific stable isotope
variability in the planktonic foraminifera
Globigerinoides sacculifer: results from laboratory
experiments. Mar Micropaleontol 22: 221-234
Spero HJ, Williams DF (1988) Extracting environmental
information from planktonic foraminiferal Ol3C data.
Nature 335: 717-719
Spoel S van der (1967) Euthecosomata: a group with
remarkable developmental stages (Gastropoda,
Pteropoda). Gorinchem J Noorduijn en Zoon NV,
pp 1-375
Spoel S van der (1973) Growth, reproduction and vertical migration in Clio pyramidata Linne, 1767 forma
lanceolala (Lesueur, 1813), with notes on other
Cavoliniidae (Mollusca, Pteropoda). Beaufortia 21
(281): 117-134
Tarutani T, Clayton RN, Mayeda TK(1969) The effect
of polymorphism and magnesium substitution on
oxygen isotope fractionation between calcium carbonate and water. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 33:
987-996
Wells FE (1976) Growth rate of four species of
euthecosomatous pteropods occurring off Barbados, West Indies. The Nautilus 90: 114-116
Wormuth JH (1981) Vertical distribution and diel migrations of Euthecosomata in the northwest Sargasso
Sea. Deep-Sea Res 28A: 1493-1515