435
Microwave Vegetation Indices from Satellite Passive Microwave Sensors
50
40
30
20
10
0
25
15
5
–5
–15
–25
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug
Month in 2003
TB (V-H)
Observed soil temperature (°C)
0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
15
12
9
6
3
0
Polarization index
Observed soil moisture (%)
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
–0.1
0
B
NDVI
35
TB36.5 GHz(V)
29
23
17
11
5
270
264
258
252
246
240
TB (V-H)
TB-36.5 GHz (V)
0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
40
33
26
19
12
5
Polarization index
Observed soil moisture (%)
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.7
0.54
0.38
0.22
0.06
–0.1
B
NDVI
Sep Oct Nov Dec
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug
Month in 2003
Sep Oct Nov Dec
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug
Month in 2003
Sep Oct Nov Dec
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug
Month in 2003
Sep Oct Nov Dec
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug
Month in 2003
Sep Oct Nov Dec
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug
Month in 2003
Sep Oct Nov Dec
TB10.65 GHz(V-H)
TB18.7 GHz(V-H)
TB36.5 GHz(V-H)
Observed soil temp. (°C)
PI(10.7 GHz)
PI(18.7 GHz)
PI(36.5 GHz)
Observed soil moisture (%)
B(6.925 GHz, 10.65 GHz)
B(10.65 GHz, 18.7 GHz)
NDVI
FIGURE 18.8  Time series observations of MPDT (left), PI (middle), and MVI B parameters (right) during 2003 for selected samples of grassland
in Mongolia (top row) and shrubland in Tibet (bottom row). Green curves in the left to right plots represent information on surface temperature, soil
moisture, and NDVI, respectively.