335
14
Airborne Water
Vapor Differential
Absorption Lidar
Xin Wang, Hans-Joachim Eichler,
and Adalbert Ding
CONTENTS
14.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 336
14.2 Methodology ................................................................................................. 337
14.2.1 General Lidar Equation .................................................................... 338
14.2.2 DIAL Equation ................................................................................. 338
14.2.3 DIAL Measurement Errors ............................................................... 339
14.2.3.1 Absorption Cross-Section Errors .......................................340
14.2.3.2 Random Signal Errors........................................................ 341
14.3 Airborne H 2 O DIAL System ........................................................................ 342
14.3.1 Airborne H 2 O DIAL around 730 nm ............................................... 343
14.3.1.1 General Description ........................................................... 343
14.3.1.2 Transmitter ......................................................................... 345
14.3.1.3 Receiver..............................................................................346
14.3.1.4 Application Examples ........................................................ 347
14.3.2 Airborne H 2 O DIAL around 820 nm ............................................... 350
14.3.2.1 General Description ........................................................... 350
14.3.2.2 Transmitter ......................................................................... 351
14.3.2.3 Receiver.............................................................................. 352
14.3.2.4 Application Examples ........................................................ 353
14.3.3 Airborne H 2 O DIAL around 940 nm ............................................... 357
14.3.3.1 General Description ........................................................... 357
14.3.3.2 Transmitter ......................................................................... 358
14.3.3.3 Receiver.............................................................................. 359
14.3.3.4 Application Examples ........................................................360
14.3.4 Airborne Multiwavelength H 2 O DIAL ............................................. 361
14.3.4.1 OPO-Based DIAL .............................................................. 362
14.4 Conclusions ................................................................................................... 365
References ............................................................................................................. 365
14
Airborne Water
Vapor Differential
Absorption Lidar
Xin Wang, Hans-Joachim Eichler,
and Adalbert Ding
CONTENTS
14.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 336
14.2 Methodology ................................................................................................. 337
14.2.1 General Lidar Equation .................................................................... 338
14.2.2 DIAL Equation ................................................................................. 338
14.2.3 DIAL Measurement Errors ............................................................... 339
14.2.3.1 Absorption Cross-Section Errors .......................................340
14.2.3.2 Random Signal Errors........................................................ 341
14.3 Airborne H 2 O DIAL System ........................................................................ 342
14.3.1 Airborne H 2 O DIAL around 730 nm ............................................... 343
14.3.1.1 General Description ........................................................... 343
14.3.1.2 Transmitter ......................................................................... 345
14.3.1.3 Receiver..............................................................................346
14.3.1.4 Application Examples ........................................................ 347
14.3.2 Airborne H 2 O DIAL around 820 nm ............................................... 350
14.3.2.1 General Description ........................................................... 350
14.3.2.2 Transmitter ......................................................................... 351
14.3.2.3 Receiver.............................................................................. 352
14.3.2.4 Application Examples ........................................................ 353
14.3.3 Airborne H 2 O DIAL around 940 nm ............................................... 357
14.3.3.1 General Description ........................................................... 357
14.3.3.2 Transmitter ......................................................................... 358
14.3.3.3 Receiver.............................................................................. 359
14.3.3.4 Application Examples ........................................................360
14.3.4 Airborne Multiwavelength H 2 O DIAL ............................................. 361
14.3.4.1 OPO-Based DIAL .............................................................. 362
14.4 Conclusions ................................................................................................... 365
References ............................................................................................................. 365