4
Organic Matter: The Driving Force for Early Diagenesis
162
provided material for preparation of figures. Dörte
Gramberg, Sabine Henne, Kai Mangelsdorf, Joachim
Rinna, Elke Spannhacke, Adelheid Wegner-Demmer
and Holger Winkler (ICBM, University of Oldenburg,
Germany) were helpful in drafting the figures.
4.7
Problems
Problem 1
What are the factors influencing organic matter
preservation in marine sediments?
Problem 2
What are the main electron acceptors in the metabolization of organic matter during early diagenesis?
Problem 3
What is meant with selective preservation of organic
matter?
Problem 4
What is the biological marker concept?
Problem 5
Can you name a few applications of (molecular) organic
geochemistry?
References
Alperin, M.J., Reeburgh, W.S. and Devol, A.H., 1992. Organic
carbon remineralization and preservation in sediments of
Scan Bay, Alaska. In: Whelan, J.K. and Farrington, J.W.
(eds), Organic matter: Productivity, accumulation and
preservation in recent and ancient sediments. Columbia
University Press, NY, pp. 99-122.
Bailey, G.W., 1991. Organic carbon flux and development of
oxygen deficiency on the northern Benguela continental
shelf south of 22°S: Spatial and temporal variability. In:
Tyson, R.V. and Pearson, T.H. (eds), Modern and ancient
continental shelf anoxia. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 58,
Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 171-183.
Benson, L.V., Burdett, J.W., Kashgarian, M., Lund, S.P., Phillips,
F.M. and Rye, R.O., 1996. Climatic and hydrologic
oscillations in the Owens Lake basin and adjacent Sierra
Nevada, California. Science, 274: 746-749.
Berger, W.H., 1989. Global maps of ocean productivity. In: Berger,
W.H., Smetacek, V.S. and Wefer, G. (eds), Productivity of
the ocean: Present and past. Dahlem Workshop Rep., Life
Sci. Res. Rep., 44, Wiley, Chichester, pp. 429-456.
Berger, W.H., Smetacek, V.S. and Wefer, G. (eds) 1989.
Productivity of the ocean: Present and past. Dahlem
Workshop Rep., Life Sci .Res. Rep., 44. Wiley, Chichester,
471 pp.
Berner, R. and Raiswell, R., 1983. Burial of organic carbon and
pyrite sulphur in sediments over Phanaerozoic time: A new
theory. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 47: 855-862.
Betzer, P.R., Showers, W.J., Laws, E.A., Winn, C.D., Ditullo,
G.R. and Kroopnick, P.M., 1984. Primary productivity
and particle fluxes on a transect of the equator at 153°W in
the Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Res., 31: 1-11.
Blokker, P., Schouten, S., van den Ende, H., de Leeuw, J.W.,
Hatcher, P.G. and Sinninghe Damsté, J.S., 1998. Chemical
structure of algaenans from the fresh water algae Tetraedron
minimum, Scenedesmus communis and Pediastrum
boryanum. Org. Geochem., 29: 1453-1468.
Blokker, P., Schouten, S., de Leeuw, J.W., Sinninghe Damsté,
J.S. and van den Ende, H., 2000. A comparative study of
fossil and extant algaenans using ruthenium tetroxide
degradation. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 64: 2055-2065.
Bouloubassi, I., Rullkötter, J. and Meyers, P.A., 1999. Origin
and transformation of organic matter in PliocenePleistocene Mediterranean sapropels: Organic geochemical
evidence reviewed. Mar. Geol. 153: 177-199.
Bralower, T.J. and Thierstein, H.R., 1987. Organic carbon and
metal accumulation in Holocene and mid-Cretaceous marine
sediments: Paleoceanographic significance. In: Brooks, J.
and Fleet, A.J. (eds), Marine petroleum source rocks. Geol.
Soc. Spec. Publ., 26, Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 345-369.
Brassell, S.C., Eglinton, G., Marlowe, I.T., Pflaumann, U. and
Sarnthein, M., 1986. Molecular stratigraphy: A new tool
for climatic assessment. Nature, 320: 129-133.
Brassell, S.C., 1993. Applications of biomarkers for delineating
marine paleoclimatic fluctuations during the Pleistocene.
In: Engel, M.H. and Macko, S.A. (eds), Organic
geochemistry. Principles and applications. Plenum Press,
NY, pp. 699-738.
Brassell, S.C., Dumitrescu, M. and the ODP Leg 198 Shipboard
Scientific Party, 2004. Recognition of alkenones in a lower
Organic Matter: The Driving Force for Early Diagenesis
162
provided material for preparation of figures. Dörte
Gramberg, Sabine Henne, Kai Mangelsdorf, Joachim
Rinna, Elke Spannhacke, Adelheid Wegner-Demmer
and Holger Winkler (ICBM, University of Oldenburg,
Germany) were helpful in drafting the figures.
4.7
Problems
Problem 1
What are the factors influencing organic matter
preservation in marine sediments?
Problem 2
What are the main electron acceptors in the metabolization of organic matter during early diagenesis?
Problem 3
What is meant with selective preservation of organic
matter?
Problem 4
What is the biological marker concept?
Problem 5
Can you name a few applications of (molecular) organic
geochemistry?
References
Alperin, M.J., Reeburgh, W.S. and Devol, A.H., 1992. Organic
carbon remineralization and preservation in sediments of
Scan Bay, Alaska. In: Whelan, J.K. and Farrington, J.W.
(eds), Organic matter: Productivity, accumulation and
preservation in recent and ancient sediments. Columbia
University Press, NY, pp. 99-122.
Bailey, G.W., 1991. Organic carbon flux and development of
oxygen deficiency on the northern Benguela continental
shelf south of 22°S: Spatial and temporal variability. In:
Tyson, R.V. and Pearson, T.H. (eds), Modern and ancient
continental shelf anoxia. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 58,
Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 171-183.
Benson, L.V., Burdett, J.W., Kashgarian, M., Lund, S.P., Phillips,
F.M. and Rye, R.O., 1996. Climatic and hydrologic
oscillations in the Owens Lake basin and adjacent Sierra
Nevada, California. Science, 274: 746-749.
Berger, W.H., 1989. Global maps of ocean productivity. In: Berger,
W.H., Smetacek, V.S. and Wefer, G. (eds), Productivity of
the ocean: Present and past. Dahlem Workshop Rep., Life
Sci. Res. Rep., 44, Wiley, Chichester, pp. 429-456.
Berger, W.H., Smetacek, V.S. and Wefer, G. (eds) 1989.
Productivity of the ocean: Present and past. Dahlem
Workshop Rep., Life Sci .Res. Rep., 44. Wiley, Chichester,
471 pp.
Berner, R. and Raiswell, R., 1983. Burial of organic carbon and
pyrite sulphur in sediments over Phanaerozoic time: A new
theory. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 47: 855-862.
Betzer, P.R., Showers, W.J., Laws, E.A., Winn, C.D., Ditullo,
G.R. and Kroopnick, P.M., 1984. Primary productivity
and particle fluxes on a transect of the equator at 153°W in
the Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Res., 31: 1-11.
Blokker, P., Schouten, S., van den Ende, H., de Leeuw, J.W.,
Hatcher, P.G. and Sinninghe Damsté, J.S., 1998. Chemical
structure of algaenans from the fresh water algae Tetraedron
minimum, Scenedesmus communis and Pediastrum
boryanum. Org. Geochem., 29: 1453-1468.
Blokker, P., Schouten, S., de Leeuw, J.W., Sinninghe Damsté,
J.S. and van den Ende, H., 2000. A comparative study of
fossil and extant algaenans using ruthenium tetroxide
degradation. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 64: 2055-2065.
Bouloubassi, I., Rullkötter, J. and Meyers, P.A., 1999. Origin
and transformation of organic matter in PliocenePleistocene Mediterranean sapropels: Organic geochemical
evidence reviewed. Mar. Geol. 153: 177-199.
Bralower, T.J. and Thierstein, H.R., 1987. Organic carbon and
metal accumulation in Holocene and mid-Cretaceous marine
sediments: Paleoceanographic significance. In: Brooks, J.
and Fleet, A.J. (eds), Marine petroleum source rocks. Geol.
Soc. Spec. Publ., 26, Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 345-369.
Brassell, S.C., Eglinton, G., Marlowe, I.T., Pflaumann, U. and
Sarnthein, M., 1986. Molecular stratigraphy: A new tool
for climatic assessment. Nature, 320: 129-133.
Brassell, S.C., 1993. Applications of biomarkers for delineating
marine paleoclimatic fluctuations during the Pleistocene.
In: Engel, M.H. and Macko, S.A. (eds), Organic
geochemistry. Principles and applications. Plenum Press,
NY, pp. 699-738.
Brassell, S.C., Dumitrescu, M. and the ODP Leg 198 Shipboard
Scientific Party, 2004. Recognition of alkenones in a lower