4 Conclusions
SGD will increase and probably more nutrients, metals, etc. will enter the Bay of
Puck. The increase of the phosphate fluxes via SGD will further enhance the nitratelimitation of the coastal primary production (Korzeniewski 1993). The projected
SGD contribution to the overall phosphate input into the Bay of Puck will be
significant. It can be assumed that SGD impact on overall phosphate concentration
in the Baltic Sea will be also noteworthy. Thus, further studies are critical to fully
understand the apparently significant role of SGD and climate change on the Baltic
Sea marine ecosystem.
Acknowledgments The study reports the results obtained within research project 2012/05/N/
ST10/02761 sponsored by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education and as a part of the
Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences statutory activities.
References
Alley WM (2007) Flow and storage in groundwater systems. Science 296:1985–1990
Agopsowicz T, Pazdro Z (1964) Zasolenie wód kredowych na Niżu Polskim. Zeszyty naukowe
Politechniki Gdańskiej 6:151–162
Bates B, Kundzewicz ZW, Wu S, Palutikof JP (2008) Climate change and water. Technical paper
VI of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change Secretariat, Geneva, 210 pp
Bouraoui F, Vachaud G, Li LZX, Le Treut H, Chen T (1999) Evaluation of the impact of climate
changes on water storage and groundwater recharge at the watershed scale. Clim Dyn 15
(2):153–161
Brouyere S, Carabin G, Dassargues A (2004) Climate change impacts on groundwater resources:
modelled deficits in a chalky aquifer, Geer Basin, Belgium. Hydrogeol J 12(2):123–134
Baltic Sea Environment Proceedings No. 137 (2013) Climate change in the Baltic Sea Area.
HELCOM thematic assessment in 2013. Helsinki Commission Baltic Marine Environment
Protection Commission
Burnett WC, Aggarwal PK, Aureli A, Bokuniewicz H, Cable JE, Charette MA, Kontar E, Krupa S,
Kulkarni KM, Loveless A, Moore WS, Oberdorfer JA, Oliveira J, Ozyurt N, Povinec P,
Privitera AMG, Rajar R, Ramessur RT, Scholten J, Stieglitz T, Taniguchi M, Turner JV (2006)
Quantifying submarine groundwater discharge in the coastal zone via multiple methods. Sci
Total Environ 367(2–3):498–543
Cyberski J, Szefler K (1993) Klimat Zatoki i jej zlewiska: Zatoka Pucka. Edited by Korzeniewski
K. Fundacja Rozwoju Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Gdańsk, Poland, pp 14–39
Dams J, Woldeamlak ST, Batelaan O (2007) Forecasting land-use change and its impact on the
groundwater system of the Kleine Nete catchment, Belgium. Hydrol Earth Syst Sci Discuss
(HESS-D) 4(6):4265–4295
Dettinger MD, Earman S (2007) Western ground water and climate change—pivotal to supply
sustainability or vulnerable in its own right? Ground Water 4(1):4–5
Dragoni W, Sukhija BS (2008) Climate change and groundwater: a short review. Geol Soc Lond
Spec Publ 288:1–12. doi:10.1122/SP288.1
Falkowska L, Piekarek-Jankowska H (1999) The submarine seepage of the fresh water:
disturbance in hydrological chemical structure of the water column in the Gdansk Deep. J Mar
Sci 56:153–160
Submarine Groundwater Discharge to the Bay of Puck …
71
SGD will increase and probably more nutrients, metals, etc. will enter the Bay of
Puck. The increase of the phosphate fluxes via SGD will further enhance the nitratelimitation of the coastal primary production (Korzeniewski 1993). The projected
SGD contribution to the overall phosphate input into the Bay of Puck will be
significant. It can be assumed that SGD impact on overall phosphate concentration
in the Baltic Sea will be also noteworthy. Thus, further studies are critical to fully
understand the apparently significant role of SGD and climate change on the Baltic
Sea marine ecosystem.
Acknowledgments The study reports the results obtained within research project 2012/05/N/
ST10/02761 sponsored by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education and as a part of the
Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences statutory activities.
References
Alley WM (2007) Flow and storage in groundwater systems. Science 296:1985–1990
Agopsowicz T, Pazdro Z (1964) Zasolenie wód kredowych na Niżu Polskim. Zeszyty naukowe
Politechniki Gdańskiej 6:151–162
Bates B, Kundzewicz ZW, Wu S, Palutikof JP (2008) Climate change and water. Technical paper
VI of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change Secretariat, Geneva, 210 pp
Bouraoui F, Vachaud G, Li LZX, Le Treut H, Chen T (1999) Evaluation of the impact of climate
changes on water storage and groundwater recharge at the watershed scale. Clim Dyn 15
(2):153–161
Brouyere S, Carabin G, Dassargues A (2004) Climate change impacts on groundwater resources:
modelled deficits in a chalky aquifer, Geer Basin, Belgium. Hydrogeol J 12(2):123–134
Baltic Sea Environment Proceedings No. 137 (2013) Climate change in the Baltic Sea Area.
HELCOM thematic assessment in 2013. Helsinki Commission Baltic Marine Environment
Protection Commission
Burnett WC, Aggarwal PK, Aureli A, Bokuniewicz H, Cable JE, Charette MA, Kontar E, Krupa S,
Kulkarni KM, Loveless A, Moore WS, Oberdorfer JA, Oliveira J, Ozyurt N, Povinec P,
Privitera AMG, Rajar R, Ramessur RT, Scholten J, Stieglitz T, Taniguchi M, Turner JV (2006)
Quantifying submarine groundwater discharge in the coastal zone via multiple methods. Sci
Total Environ 367(2–3):498–543
Cyberski J, Szefler K (1993) Klimat Zatoki i jej zlewiska: Zatoka Pucka. Edited by Korzeniewski
K. Fundacja Rozwoju Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Gdańsk, Poland, pp 14–39
Dams J, Woldeamlak ST, Batelaan O (2007) Forecasting land-use change and its impact on the
groundwater system of the Kleine Nete catchment, Belgium. Hydrol Earth Syst Sci Discuss
(HESS-D) 4(6):4265–4295
Dettinger MD, Earman S (2007) Western ground water and climate change—pivotal to supply
sustainability or vulnerable in its own right? Ground Water 4(1):4–5
Dragoni W, Sukhija BS (2008) Climate change and groundwater: a short review. Geol Soc Lond
Spec Publ 288:1–12. doi:10.1122/SP288.1
Falkowska L, Piekarek-Jankowska H (1999) The submarine seepage of the fresh water:
disturbance in hydrological chemical structure of the water column in the Gdansk Deep. J Mar
Sci 56:153–160
Submarine Groundwater Discharge to the Bay of Puck …
71